ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Nursing 300 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client's arterial blood gases reveal the following results; pH 7.51. PaO2 80 mmHg, PaCO2 28 mmHg, HCO3-24 mEq/L. 02 saturation 92%. The nurse interprets this blood gas result as
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: pH 7.51 and low PaCO2 (28 mmHg) indicate respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, causing excessive CO2 exhalation. Normal HCO3- rules out metabolic causes, and acidosis is incorrect due to high pH.
Question 2 of 5
A client in the gynecology clinic asks the nurse, ''What are the risk factors for developing cervical cancer?'' Which statement by the nurse is the best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Early sexual activity and multiple partners increase the risk of HPV infection, the primary cause of cervical cancer. Rhinovirus is unrelated, diet and birth control are not primary risks, and Pap smears detect, not prevent, cancer.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus about self-monitoring of blood glucose. Which statement by the client indicates understanding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using the sides of fingers for blood glucose sampling reduces pain and nerve damage, indicating correct technique.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has a biventricular pacemaker. Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: No heavy lifting for 6-8 weeks prevents pacemaker lead dislodgement, a critical instruction for recovery.
Question 5 of 5
What does the nurse identify as INDIRECT cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Sepsis and blood transfusion (via TRALI) indirectly cause ARDS through systemic inflammation or immune response, respectively. Pneumonia, drowning, and aspiration directly damage lung tissue.