ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics Nursing 2023 Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter. Medical History: 0930: Three urinary tract infections over the past year treated with antibiotics. Diagnosed at 6 months old with vesicoureteral reflux. Provider Prescriptions: 0945: Obtain urine sample for urinalysis and culture and sensitivity via sterile straight catheter. Vital Signs: 0930: Temperature 38.4° C (101.1 F), Heart rate 128/min, Respiratory rate 28/min. Diagnostic Results: 1030: Urinalysis: Appearance: cloudy and dark amber (clear), Specific gravity 1.035 (1.005 to 1.030), Leukocyte esterase: positive (negative), Nitrites: present (none), WBCS: 10 (0 to 4).
Question 1 of 5
The child is at risk for developing __ and __.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answer is A,B. Renal scarring and pyelonephritis are common complications of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. UTIs can lead to inflammation and infection of the kidneys (pyelonephritis) and if left untreated, can cause permanent damage to the kidneys resulting in renal scarring. Acute glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and polycystic kidney disease are not typically associated with UTIs in children and are different conditions with distinct etiologies and presentations.
Therefore, choices C, D, and E are incorrect in this context.
Extract:
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has HIV.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will ensure that my child is tested for tuberculosis every year." This statement indicates understanding of teaching because it shows the parent's awareness of the importance of regular testing for tuberculosis due to the child's condition. Testing for tuberculosis is crucial for early detection and treatment in immunocompromised individuals.
Choice A is incorrect because childhood immunizations do not need to be repeated once in remission.
Choice B is incorrect because the risk of transmission of HIV is not solely dependent on being on zidovudine for 2 weeks.
Choice D is incorrect because doubling medications without proper guidance can be harmful.
Extract:
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because frequent swallowing could indicate airway obstruction, requiring immediate attention to prevent respiratory distress. Throat pain (
A) can be managed with pain relief. Refusing clear liquids (
C) can be addressed once airway is secured. Crying often (
D) may be due to discomfort but doesn't indicate immediate danger.
Extract:
Which of the following best describes the purpose of obtaining consent?
Question 4 of 5
To ensure the patient understands the risks.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because obtaining permission from the patient's family for treatment is crucial to ensure that the patient understands the risks involved. Involving the family helps in providing comprehensive information and support to the patient.
Choice B is incorrect because the primary focus should be on patient care rather than protecting the nurse legally.
Choice C is incorrect as proceeding with treatment without patient input goes against the principles of informed consent.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dietitian. Children with cystic fibrosis often require specialized nutritional support due to malabsorption issues. A dietitian can assess the child's nutritional status, provide individualized dietary plans, and monitor their growth. Referring to an occupational therapist (
A) may not be the priority as there are no indications of specific occupational therapy needs. Speech-language pathologists (
B) primarily address communication and swallowing disorders, which are not the main concerns in cystic fibrosis. Physical therapists (
D) focus on mobility and physical function, which are not the primary issues in cystic fibrosis management.