ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter.
Question 1 of 5
The child is at risk for developing_____ and _____.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answer is A and B. The child is at risk for developing pyelonephritis and renal scarring. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly seen in children, especially if they have underlying conditions like vesicoureteral reflux. If left untreated, pyelonephritis can lead to renal scarring, which is the deposition of fibrous tissue in the kidneys due to inflammation. This scarring can affect kidney function and potentially lead to long-term complications such as hypertension or chronic kidney disease.
Choices C, D, and E are incorrect because acute glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and nephrotic syndrome are different conditions with distinct etiologies and clinical manifestations compared to pyelonephritis and renal scarring. It is important to monitor and manage pyelonephritis in children to prevent complications like renal scarring.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dietitian. The nurse should initiate a referral to a dietitian for a child with cystic fibrosis to ensure proper nutrition and weight management. Cystic fibrosis can affect the body's ability to absorb nutrients, so a dietitian can help develop a specialized diet plan. Occupational therapist (
B) focuses on daily activities, physical therapist (
D) focuses on mobility, and speech-language pathologist (
C) focuses on communication and swallowing - not directly related to cystic fibrosis nutritional needs.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Implement a 3 hr feeding schedule. In heart failure, infants may have difficulty feeding due to shortness of breath and fatigue. Implementing a 3-hour feeding schedule allows for adequate rest between feedings, reducing the risk of overwhelming the infant's cardiovascular system and promoting better feeding efficiency.
Choice A is incorrect because allowing the infant to self soothe by crying prior to feeding can lead to increased stress and may worsen the infant's heart failure symptoms.
Choice B is incorrect as placing the infant in a recumbent position during feeding can increase the workload on the heart and may lead to aspiration or choking.
Choice D is incorrect because allowing the infant 45 minutes for each feeding may lead to fatigue and may not be well tolerated by an infant with heart failure.
In summary,
Choice C is the correct option as it promotes adequate rest and optimal feeding for an infant with heart failure, while the other choices may pose risks or challenges for the infant's
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a 10-month-old infant who is having difficulty eating. The parent is feeding their infant goat milk. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Offer commercially prepared formula. This is the best option because goat milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year old due to its high protein and mineral content, which can strain the infant's kidneys. Commercially prepared formula is specifically designed to meet the nutritional needs of infants and is a safer and more appropriate choice. Warming the goat's milk (choice
A) does not address the underlying issue of nutritional inadequacy. Switching to soy milk (choice
B) is not recommended as a first-line alternative to goat milk. Reinitiating breastfeeding (choice
D) may not be feasible or desired by the parent and does not address the immediate nutritional concerns.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has HIV. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will ensure that my child is tested for tuberculosis every year." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because children with HIV are at higher risk for tuberculosis, and regular testing is important for early detection and treatment.
Option B is incorrect because the risk of transmission does not decrease after only 2 weeks of zidovudine treatment. Option C is incorrect as doubling medications without medical advice can be harmful. Option D is incorrect because childhood immunizations are not repeated once in remission.