ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter.
Question 1 of 5
The child is at risk for developing_____ and _____.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answer is A and B. The child is at risk for developing pyelonephritis and renal scarring. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly seen in children, especially if they have underlying conditions like vesicoureteral reflux. If left untreated, pyelonephritis can lead to renal scarring, which is the deposition of fibrous tissue in the kidneys due to inflammation. This scarring can affect kidney function and potentially lead to long-term complications such as hypertension or chronic kidney disease.
Choices C, D, and E are incorrect because acute glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and nephrotic syndrome are different conditions with distinct etiologies and clinical manifestations compared to pyelonephritis and renal scarring. It is important to monitor and manage pyelonephritis in children to prevent complications like renal scarring.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer ibuprofen 10 mg/kg PO to a child. The child weighs 55 lb. Available is ibuprofen 100 mg/5 mL solution. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 12.5
Rationale:
To calculate the correct dose, first convert the child's weight from lb to kg: 55 lb/2.2 = 25 kg. Next, calculate the dose: 10 mg/kg x 25 kg = 250 mg.
Then, determine how many mL of the solution to administer: 100 mg/5 mL = 250 mg/x mL. Cross multiply: 100x = 1250. Divide by 100 to find x = 12.5 mL.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 12.5 mL.
Choice A: Incorrect. This choice does not provide a calculated answer.
Choice B-G: Irrelevant as they do not offer a numerical answer or any calculation rationale.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of toddlers receiving digoxin therapy. For which of the following toddlers should the nurse revise the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. If a toddler receiving digoxin therapy has vomited 2 times in the last hour, it can lead to decreased absorption of digoxin and potentially lower therapeutic levels in the bloodstream. This situation requires a revision of the plan of care to ensure the toddler receives the necessary dose of digoxin.
Incorrect choices:
B: A digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL falls within the therapeutic range of 0.8-2 ng/mL, so no immediate revision of the plan of care is needed.
C: An apical pulse of 100/min could be within the expected range for a toddler, especially when receiving digoxin therapy. Monitoring is important, but it may not require an immediate revision of the plan of care.
D: A potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L is within the normal range, so no revision of the plan of care is necessary based on this value.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant who has respiratory syncytial virus. The nurse should immediately report which of the following findings to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tachypnea. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause respiratory distress in infants. Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is a concerning sign that indicates the infant is having difficulty breathing and may need immediate medical intervention. Reporting tachypnea promptly to the provider allows for timely assessment and appropriate treatment to prevent respiratory compromise.
Incorrect choices:
B: Coughing - While coughing is common in RSV, it is not as urgent as tachypnea in indicating respiratory distress.
C: Rhinorrhea - Runny nose is a common symptom of RSV but does not require immediate reporting as it is not a critical sign of distress.
D: Pharyngitis - Throat inflammation may occur with RSV but is not as urgent as tachypnea in indicating respiratory distress.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Implement a 3 hr feeding schedule. In heart failure, infants may have difficulty feeding due to shortness of breath and fatigue. Implementing a 3-hour feeding schedule allows for adequate rest between feedings, reducing the risk of overwhelming the infant's cardiovascular system and promoting better feeding efficiency.
Choice A is incorrect because allowing the infant to self soothe by crying prior to feeding can lead to increased stress and may worsen the infant's heart failure symptoms.
Choice B is incorrect as placing the infant in a recumbent position during feeding can increase the workload on the heart and may lead to aspiration or choking.
Choice D is incorrect because allowing the infant 45 minutes for each feeding may lead to fatigue and may not be well tolerated by an infant with heart failure.
In summary,
Choice C is the correct option as it promotes adequate rest and optimal feeding for an infant with heart failure, while the other choices may pose risks or challenges for the infant's