Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sympathetic stimulation of the respiratory system causes an increase in respiratory rate to enhance oxygen intake during fight or flight response. This is due to activation of sympathetic nerves that stimulate the respiratory muscles and increase the rate of breathing.
Choice A is incorrect as sympathetic stimulation typically increases, not decreases, the depth of respirations.
Choice B is incorrect because sympathetic stimulation does not directly affect lung perfusion.
Choice D is incorrect because sympathetic stimulation generally increases, rather than decreases, the respiratory rate.

Correct Answer: B,D

Rationale: The correct answers are B and D. For choice B, in unstable angina, the pain is often caused by a spasm of a blood vessel in addition to vessel narrowing, leading to reduced blood flow. This explanation is important for the patient to understand the multifactorial nature of their condition. For choice D, unstable angina is typically due to a serious narrowing of a coronary artery, resulting in reduced oxygen supply to the heart. This explanation helps the patient comprehend the underlying cause of their symptoms.

Choices A and C are incorrect as they do not accurately describe unstable angina.
Choice A suggests complete vessel occlusion, which is more characteristic of a heart attack.
Choice C simplifies the cause of the pain to just a lack of oxygen, omitting the role of vessel narrowing and spasm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reassure the patient that these side effects will decrease over time. Paroxetine is an antidepressant that commonly causes side effects such as headaches, nervousness, and poor appetite when first starting the medication. It is important for the nurse to educate the patient that these side effects are usually temporary and tend to improve as the body adjusts to the medication. Stopping the drug abruptly (choice
B) can lead to withdrawal symptoms and worsening of the patient's condition. Taking the medication with food (choice
C) may help with gastrointestinal side effects but will not address the reported symptoms. Discussing a lower dose with the provider (choice
D) may be considered if the side effects persist and are intolerable, but it is not the initial action to take in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cholinergic agonist increases the activity of acetylcholine receptor sites throughout the body. A cholinergic agonist is a drug that mimics the action of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter that binds to and activates cholinergic receptors. By increasing the activity of acetylcholine receptor sites, a cholinergic agonist enhances cholinergic neurotransmission, leading to various physiological responses.

Incorrect choices:
A: Cholinergic agonists do not affect gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A) receptor sites.
B: Cholinergic agonists do not affect norepinephrine activity.
C: Cholinergic agonists do not affect dopamine receptor sites.

In summary, the correct answer is D because cholinergic agonists specifically target and enhance the activity of acetylcholine receptor sites, leading to increased cholinergic neurotransmission.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Risk for injury, related to adverse effect of the drug. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because the patient, being 70 years old and receiving a sedating drug, is at an increased risk for falls and other injuries due to sedation. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the patient closely for signs of sedation and take appropriate measures to prevent potential harm.


Choice A (Deficient Knowledge) is not the priority as the immediate concern is the risk of injury.
Choice B (Ineffective health maintenance) focuses on the need for medication, not the potential risk of injury.
Choice D (Noncompliance) is not relevant in this situation as it pertains to the cost of the drug, not the immediate safety of the patient.