ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Signs of digoxin toxicity include of the following (Select all that apply):
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct signs of digoxin toxicity are vomiting, poor feeding, and bradycardia. Vomiting is a common early sign due to the drug's effect on the gastrointestinal system. Poor feeding can occur as a result of nausea and anorexia. Bradycardia is a classic sign of digoxin toxicity due to its effect on cardiac function. Constipation is not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. In summary, A, B, and D are correct as they align with the expected symptoms of digoxin toxicity, whereas C is incorrect as constipation is not a common sign.
Question 2 of 5
A child is admitted with possible coarctation of the aorta. The admitting nurse reviews the admitting orders for the child and should question which of the following orders?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because monitoring vital signs upon admission and then daily is inadequate for a child with possible coarctation of the aorta. Coarctation of the aorta can lead to significant changes in blood pressure and circulation. Close monitoring is crucial to detect any sudden changes that may indicate complications. Blood pressure should be monitored frequently, especially after any interventions or changes in condition. Regular monitoring of vital signs is essential for early detection of potential issues.
Choices A, B, and C are all important aspects of care for this child and should not be questioned.
Question 3 of 5
When should children with cognitive impairments be referred for stimulation and educational programs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: As young as possible. Early intervention for children with cognitive impairments is crucial for optimal development. Early stimulation and educational programs can significantly improve outcomes. The brain's plasticity is highest in early childhood, making it the most effective time for interventions. Waiting until age 3 or 5 (choices C and
D) may lead to missed opportunities for crucial development.
Choice B limits the intervention to verbal communication, overlooking other important areas.
Therefore, referring children as young as possible (choice
A) is the best approach to ensure they receive the necessary support and resources early on.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is educating parents of a sickle cell patient regarding infection prevention. Which statement best indicates the parent understands the child's risk for infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Children with sickle cell disease are at risk for infection due to impaired splenic function. This is because the spleen plays a crucial role in fighting infections, and individuals with sickle cell disease often have impaired splenic function, making them more susceptible to infections.
Explanation for other choices:
A: If the child has a fever, they need to stay home from school - While it is important for sickle cell patients to avoid exposure to infections, staying home from school only when the child has a fever does not address the overall risk of infection in these patients.
B: Antibiotics should be administered sparingly to prevent resistant infections in this population - While antibiotic resistance is a concern, the statement does not specifically address the child's risk for infection due to impaired splenic function.
D: If the child is showing signs of crisis, a cup of hot tea can prevent the red blood cells from clumping rapidly - This statement is incorrect as hot tea does not prevent
Question 5 of 5
A 7-year-old obese child was diagnosed at his 6-year primary care visit with idiopathic hypertension. The family was instructed to modify his diet and begin an exercise program to control the hypertension. At this visit, it was decided the child should begin a low dose of Lisinopril (Zestril) at 0.07 mg/kg/day. The child weighs 99 pounds. What is the correct dose for this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct dose for this child is 3 mg/day.
To calculate the dose, we first need to convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms by dividing by 2.2 (99 lbs / 2.2 = 45 kg). Next, we multiply the weight in kg by the prescribed dosage of 0.07 mg/kg/day (45 kg x 0.07 mg/kg/day = 3.15 mg/day). Since the dosing is typically rounded down for safety reasons, the correct dose is 3 mg/day.
Choice A (70 mg/day) is incorrect because it is too high for a child of this weight and could lead to adverse effects.
Choice B (30 mg/day) is also too high.
Choice C (6 mg/day) is incorrect as it does not reflect the calculated dosage based on the weight of the child.
Therefore, the correct answer is D (3 mg/day) based on the calculated dosage per kg for this specific child.