ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
History and Physical: A 15-year-old adolescent is admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. The parent reports that the adolescent has a low-grade fever and has vomited for 3 days. The adolescent reports having right-sided and low back pain. They also report hands and right knee are painful and swollen. The client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Question 1 of 5
Select the 5 interventions the nurse should include.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct interventions are B, C, and D. B: Hydroxyurea helps decrease sickle cell crisis frequency. C: Meperidine is used for pain management in sickle cell disease. D: Pneumococcal vaccine helps prevent infections. A is incorrect as oral intake should not be restricted in sickle cell crisis. E, F, and G are not provided in the question.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is receiving conditioning therapy for enuresis. Which of the following statements by the child's parent indicate the treatment is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "My child went to the bathroom two times when the alarm went off last night." This indicates the treatment is effective because the conditioning therapy involves using a bedwetting alarm to wake the child when they start to urinate, teaching them to wake up to use the bathroom. Going to the bathroom when the alarm goes off shows the child is responding to the alarm by waking up and using the bathroom, which is the desired outcome of the therapy.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Holding urine for 15 minutes may not necessarily indicate treatment effectiveness.
B: Drinking less is not a direct indicator of treatment effectiveness for enuresis.
D: Kegel exercises do not directly relate to the effectiveness of conditioning therapy for enuresis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has a prescription to transfuse 2 units of packed RBCs. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A - Infuse the packed RBC within 4 hours.
Rationale: Infusing packed RBCs within 4 hours is crucial to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the transfusion. Prolonged infusion time can lead to hemolysis and decrease the viability of the RBCs. It is essential to follow the prescribed rate of infusion to prevent adverse reactions and complications.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
B: Infusing dextrose 5% in water during the infusion of packed RBCs is unnecessary and can potentially lead to dilution of the RBCs, affecting their therapeutic effect.
C: Storing the second unit of blood at room temperature for up to 2 hours is incorrect as blood products should be stored according to specific guidelines to maintain their integrity and prevent bacterial growth.
D: Administering RBCs using non-filtered IV tubing can introduce contaminants into the bloodstream, leading to infection or adverse reactions. It is essential to use filtered IV
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is obtaining informed consent for an adolescent who is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. The adolescent's guardian states, 'I don't understand why they need to do this procedure.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should explain the procedure to both the adolescent and their guardian to ensure they understand the purpose, risks, and benefits. This fosters informed decision-making. It is essential for the guardian to comprehend why the procedure is necessary to provide valid consent. Requesting assistance from the anesthesiologist (
A) may not address the guardian's concerns directly. Witnessing the adolescent's signature (
C) is important but does not address the guardian's lack of understanding. Notifying the provider (
D) is not the immediate action needed to address the guardian's concern.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a preschool-age child who has acute acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. Which of the following should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hyperpyrexia. Acetylsalicylic acid poisoning can lead to metabolic acidosis, which can cause hyperpyrexia (extremely high fever). This is due to the toxic effects on the central nervous system. Neck vein distention (
A) is not typically associated with acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. Jaundice (
B) is more commonly seen in liver toxicity. Polyuria (
C) is not a typical symptom of acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. In summary, hyperpyrexia is the most likely manifestation of acute acetylsalicylic acid poisoning in a preschool-age child, making it the correct answer.