ATI RN
ATI Nur 112 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
History and Physical
Nurse Notes
Laboratory results
Flow Sheet
Orders
Client is a 24-year-old male with a 2-day history of severe vomiting and diarrhea. The client believes he has a case of food poisoning after attending a party. Other individuals at the party were having similar symptoms.
Question 1 of 5
Review H and P, nurses notes, laboratory results, flow sheet, and orders. Click to mark whether the assessment finding represents a therapeutic result of the sodium bicarbonate administered, a non-therapeutic side-effect, or an unrelated finding.
| Options | therapeutic result | non-therapeutic side-effect | unrelated finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary refill 2 seconds | |||
| Blood pressure 113/72 mm Hg | |||
| Bicarbonate 22 mEq/L (22 mmol/L) | |||
| Sodium 152 mEq/L (152 mmol/L) | |||
| 400 mL urine output | |||
| Heart rate 77 beats/minute |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F
Rationale: Improved capillary refill, blood pressure, bicarbonate, and heart rate are therapeutic. Hypernatremia is a side effect, and urine output is unrelated.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has been prescribed gabapentin 300 mg by mouth (PO) three times a day for postherpetic neuralgia. Which symptom should the nurse tell the client to report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid weight gain is a significant side effect of gabapentin, potentially indicating fluid retention or other serious issues like heart or kidney problems, which require prompt medical attention.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing the eyes of a client who just received mydriatic eye drops. Which physiological function of the eye will not respond during the therapeutic period after administration of the eye drops?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mydriatic eye drops prevent pupillary constriction by relaxing the sphincter pupillae muscle, causing pupil dilation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse notifies the healthcare provider (HCP) that the client is having trouble remembering to take his second dose of captopril. What angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can be given only once per day?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Lisinopril, Quinapril, Ramipril, and Trandolapril have long half-lives, allowing once-daily dosing, unlike captopril, which requires multiple daily doses.
Question 5 of 5
A client receives a prescription for allopurinol. Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Doubling the dose of allopurinol if a dose is missed is incorrect and can increase the risk of side effects or toxicity. The client should be instructed to take the missed dose as soon as remembered, unless it is nearly time for the next dose, then skip the missed dose.