ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Quiz 240 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
Patient education for the patient started on a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor would include:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because patient education on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors should include information on common adverse effects. Sexual dysfunction is a well-documented side effect of SSRIs, affecting many patients. Understanding this potential side effect can help patients make informed decisions about their treatment and seek appropriate support if needed.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to SSRIs. Avoiding tyramine-containing foods is more relevant for MAOIs, signs and symptoms of hypertension are not typically associated with SSRIs, and tremors are not a common side effect of SSRIs.
Question 2 of 4
The client is prescribed phenelzine (Nardil). The client tells the nurse that they consumed two glasses of Chianti (red) wine at lunchtime. What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assess the client's blood pressure. Phenelzine is an MAOI antidepressant that can interact dangerously with tyramine-rich foods like red wine, causing a hypertensive crisis. By assessing the client's blood pressure, the nurse can quickly identify any potential hypertensive crisis and intervene promptly.
A: Discussing how food can increase symptoms of depression is not the priority when facing a potential drug interaction crisis.
B: Arranging for admittance to the psychiatric unit is premature without assessing the client's condition first.
C: While discussing the effects of wine on the action of antidepressants is important, assessing the client's blood pressure takes precedence in this situation.
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of nurses about the administration of nitroglycerin. Which of the following routes of administration provides the most rapid onset for the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sublingual. This route of administration provides the most rapid onset for nitroglycerin because it allows the medication to be rapidly absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes under the tongue. This bypasses the first-pass metabolism in the liver, leading to a quicker onset of action.
A: Suspended release would not provide a rapid onset as it is designed for a slow and controlled release of the medication.
B: Transdermal patch delivers the medication through the skin slowly over an extended period, not providing a rapid onset.
C:
Topical ointment also delivers the medication slowly through the skin and is not ideal for a rapid onset.
In summary, sublingual administration of nitroglycerin is the most appropriate for a quick response in cases of angina or acute chest pain.
Question 4 of 4
In the treatment of angina, the mechanism of action of an organic nitrate is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Relaxation of arterial and venous smooth muscle. Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, work by vasodilating both arterial and venous smooth muscle. This leads to decreased preload and afterload on the heart, reducing myocardial oxygen demand and relieving angina symptoms.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because organic nitrates do not affect heart contractility or heart rate, nor do they increase peripheral resistance.
Question 5 of 4
The nurse is describing angina to a family member of a client recently diagnosed with the condition. Which characterization of angina is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chest pain on physical exertion or emotional stress. Angina is characterized by chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen-rich blood. This pain typically occurs during physical exertion or emotional stress when the heart needs more oxygen. Slow heart rate and difficulty standing (
A), sudden weakness with severe headache (
B), and difficulty breathing and increased temperature (
C) are not characteristic symptoms of angina. Angina is specifically related to the heart and its blood supply, not other bodily functions.