ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Nurs 224g Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Ms. Jackson has been suffering from persistent vomiting for two days. She appears to be lethargic and weak and has myalgia. She is noted to have dry mucous membranes and her capillary refill time takes more than 4 seconds. She is diagnosed with gastroenteritis and dehydration. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.5, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 34 mmol/L. What acid base disorder is shown?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The elevated pH and HCO3 with a normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic alkalosis without respiratory compensation. Persistent vomiting can lead to loss of stomach acid, which causes metabolic alkalosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse suspects a client with myasthenia gravis is experiencing a myasthenic crisis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intubation is a critical intervention in a myasthenic crisis due to the risk of respiratory failure from severe muscle weakness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood, is a common electrolyte imbalance seen in prerenal AKI due to decreased kidney function and the inability to excrete potassium.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: SLE patients are often photosensitive and need to protect their skin from UV rays.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious and has a breathing pattern characterized by alternating periods of hyperventilation and apnea. The nurse should document that the client has which of the following respiratory alterations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by a cyclic pattern of increasing and decreasing tidal volumes followed by periods of apnea, fitting the description provided.