ATI RN
ATI Nursing 100 Day Exam 4 Fundamentals Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
In order to minimize discomfort when giving an injection to a client the nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spreading the skin taut reduces discomfort by minimizing needle puncture sensation and stabilizing the tissue for smoother insertion. Applying heat is not standard holding the syringe still ensures accuracy not comfort and blood return checks are for specific injections not pain reduction.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is administering medications to a group of clients. Which client(s) warrant(s) the nurse's special attention when considering pharmacokinetics?
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Renal impairment affects drug excretion and liver failure alters metabolism both significantly impacting pharmacokinetics by changing drug clearance and activation. Muscle sprains hearing impairment and localized vaginal infections have minimal systemic effects on drug processing.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering medications to a client who has severe liver damage. Which medications as ordered below will avoid the first pass effect? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Rectal (Dulcolax) transdermal (Fentanyl) and intravenous (Morphine) routes bypass the liver’s first pass metabolism as they are absorbed directly into systemic circulation. Oral medications like Acetaminophen and Aspirin are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and undergo first pass metabolism in the liver reducing their bioavailability which is problematic in severe liver damage.
Question 4 of 5
In order to minimize discomfort when giving an injection to a client the nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spreading the skin taut reduces discomfort by minimizing needle puncture sensation and stabilizing the tissue for smoother insertion. Applying heat is not standard holding the syringe still ensures accuracy not comfort and blood return checks are for specific injections not pain reduction.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse must give a client an intramuscular injection of a medication which is very irritating to the subcutaneous tissues. To attempt to reduce irritation of the tissues which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Z-track method prevents leakage of irritating medications into subcutaneous tissues by sealing the needle track reducing irritation and discomfort. Small gauge needles reduce pain not leakage 45-degree angles are for subcutaneous injections and ice does not prevent tissue irritation.