ATI RN
ATI Nur 270 Pediatrics GI GU Exam Questions
Extract:
A child with nephrotic syndrome
Question 1 of 5
In caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome, which intervention will be most important to be included in the child's plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Weighing on the same scale each day. In nephrotic syndrome, monitoring daily weight is crucial to assess fluid status and response to treatment. Sudden weight gain may indicate fluid retention, a common complication. Testing urine for glucose levels (
Choice
B) is not relevant to nephrotic syndrome. Increasing fluid intake (
Choice
C) can worsen edema. Ambulating (
Choice
D) is important but not the priority. Completing antibiotics (
Choice E) is not specific to nephrotic syndrome. It's essential to focus on monitoring weight to manage fluid balance effectively.
Extract:
An infant who has a 2-day history of vomiting and an elevated temperature
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an infant who has a 2-day history of vomiting and an elevated temperature. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the most reliable indicator of fluid loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Body weight. Body weight is the most reliable indicator of fluid loss in infants because weight changes directly reflect changes in fluid balance. As the infant loses fluids through vomiting and fever, there will be a decrease in body weight due to dehydration. Monitoring body weight provides a quantitative measure of fluid loss and guides the nurse in assessing the severity of dehydration and determining the appropriate interventions.
Blood pressure (
A), respiratory rate (
B), and skin integrity (
C) can be affected by various factors other than fluid loss in infants and may not accurately reflect the extent of dehydration. Blood pressure can be maintained until severe dehydration occurs, respiratory rate may increase due to fever or infection, and skin integrity changes may not be specific to fluid loss in this situation.
Therefore, body weight is the most reliable indicator as it directly reflects changes in fluid balance, making it crucial in managing dehydration in infants.
Extract:
A client who has acute glomerulonephritis
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Obtain weight weekly. In acute glomerulonephritis, monitoring the client's weight is crucial to assess fluid balance and kidney function. Sudden weight changes can indicate fluid retention or loss, which are important indicators of the disease progression. Administering antibiotics (choice
A) may be necessary if the glomerulonephritis is caused by a bacterial infection, but it is not a standard intervention for all cases. Encouraging increased fluid intake (choice
C) may worsen fluid retention in some cases, so it should be individualized. Encouraging frequent ambulation (choice
D) is beneficial for overall health but is not specific to managing acute glomerulonephritis.
Extract:
A client who is HIV positive and is one day postoperative following an appendectomy
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is HIV positive and is one day postoperative following an appendectomy. The nurse should wear a gown as personal protective equipment when taking which of the following actions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Completing a dressing change. When completing a dressing change on a client who is HIV positive, the nurse should wear a gown as personal protective equipment to prevent potential exposure to the client's blood or body fluids. This is important to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV or other infections. Administering an intermittent IV bolus medication (
A) or an IM injection (
C) does not typically require the use of a gown unless there is a risk of exposure to blood or body fluids. Talking to the client at the bedside (
B) does not require wearing a gown unless there is a specific concern for exposure. The key here is to prioritize protection during procedures where there is a higher risk of exposure to infectious material.
Extract:
A child who is receiving chemotherapy and has been prescribed a neutropenic diet
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing appropriate nutritional options for a child who is receiving chemotherapy and has been prescribed a neutropenic diet. The nurse would recommend which of the following options
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vanilla milkshake made with pasteurized milk. This option is suitable for a child on a neutropenic diet during chemotherapy as it is made with pasteurized milk, which reduces the risk of bacterial contamination that can be harmful to the child with a weakened immune system. The pasteurization process kills harmful bacteria while retaining the nutritional value of the milk.
The other options are not recommended for a child on a neutropenic diet:
A: Bagel with cream cheese and lox - Lox is a type of cured salmon that may contain bacteria and is not recommended for a child with a weakened immune system.
C: Ham and cheese sandwich - The deli meats in the sandwich may harbor harmful bacteria, which can pose a risk to the child's health.
D: Sushi - Raw fish in sushi may contain bacteria and parasites that can be harmful to a child with a compromised immune system.
Overall, option B is the best choice as it provides a