ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam 2024 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
How many mL/h should the nurse set the IV infusion pump to deliver half the total volume of lactated Ringer's (4,080 mL) in the first 8 hours?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To deliver half of 4,080 mL in 8 hours, first calculate the total volume per hour: 4,080 mL / 8 hours = 510 mL/h. Half of this is 255 mL/h, making choice D the correct answer.
Choices A, B, and C are too low, while choice E is too high, as they do not deliver the required volume in the specified time frame.
Question 2 of 5
For which of the following client outcomes should the nurse administer chlordiazepoxide to a client experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prevent delirium tremens. Chlordiazepoxide is a benzodiazepine used to manage acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including preventing the development of delirium tremens, a severe, life-threatening complication. It works by calming the central nervous system and reducing the risk of seizures and hallucinations associated with alcohol withdrawal.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as chlordiazepoxide does not directly address diaphoresis, maintaining abstinence, or lessening cravings. These outcomes are more related to behavioral and psychological interventions rather than pharmacological management of alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client 1 hr after administering morphine for pain. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as the best indication that the morphine has been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The client rates pain as 3 on a scale from 0 to 10. This is the best indication that the morphine has been effective because pain relief is the primary goal of administering morphine. A pain rating of 3 indicates a decrease in pain intensity, showing that the medication is working.
A: The client's vital signs being within normal limits does not directly indicate the effectiveness of pain management.
B: The client not requesting additional medication could be due to various reasons other than effective pain relief.
C: The client resting comfortably with eyes closed may suggest relaxation but does not necessarily reflect pain relief.
In summary, the other choices do not directly measure pain relief, unlike the client's self-reported pain rating.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse document as a manifestation of pseudoparkinsonism in a client taking haloperidol?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Shuffling gait. Pseudoparkinsonism is a side effect of haloperidol characterized by symptoms resembling Parkinson's disease. A shuffling gait, along with tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia, are common manifestations. A serpentine limb movement (
A) is not typically associated with pseudoparkinsonism. Nonreactive pupils (
C) are more indicative of other conditions like opioid overdose. Smacking lips (
D) may suggest tardive dyskinesia, another side effect of antipsychotic medications.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take when observing infiltration of fluid into the tissue surrounding an IV insertion site?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity helps reduce swelling and minimize tissue damage caused by the infiltration of fluid. By elevating the extremity, gravity helps to prevent further spread of the infiltrated fluid into the surrounding tissue. This action promotes better circulation and aids in the reabsorption of the fluid back into the vascular system. Flushing the IV catheter (choice
A) may exacerbate the infiltration, applying pressure to the IV site (choice
B) can cause tissue damage, and slowing the infusion rate (choice
D) may not address the immediate issue of fluid infiltration.