ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics Nursing 2023 Questions
Extract:
Nurse Notes: Child presents to the emergency department (ED). Guardians report the child woke up coughing with a low-grade fever. Child appears alert and restless in guardian's arms. Respirations easy, no cough noted. 0800: Child became agitated. Hoarse cry noted with audible inspiratory stridor. Barking, non-productive cough present. Vital Signs: 0730: Tympanic temperature 38.1 C (100.6 F), Heart rate 95/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 98% on room air. 0800: Tympanic temperature 38.2 C (100.6 F), Heart rate 95/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 96% on room air. Provider Prescription: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever.
Question 1 of 5
For each of the flowing findings, click to specify if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: A: Irritability is consistent with both due to discomfort. B: Barking cough is characteristic of laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), though pneumonia may have a productive cough. C: Stridor is a hallmark of croup, not pneumonia. D: Fever is consistent with both conditions.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a child who has sickle cell anemia.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Facial twitching. This finding is a potential sign of a neurological issue that may require immediate attention, such as a seizure or stroke. Enuresis, kyphosis, and constipation are important but not urgent concerns that can be addressed in a timely manner. Enuresis may indicate a urinary issue, kyphosis a spinal problem, and constipation a gastrointestinal issue. However, facial twitching suggests a more acute neurological issue that needs immediate assessment to prevent further complications.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The child swallows frequently. This is the priority because frequent swallowing can indicate bleeding after a tonsillectomy, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent complications like airway obstruction and hemorrhage. Refusing clear liquids (
A) may be due to discomfort but is not as urgent. Crying often (
B) is common post-surgery and not necessarily indicative of a critical issue. Throat pain increasing (
D) is expected after a tonsillectomy and can be managed with pain medication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the complete blood count results for a 4-year-old child who is receiving treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is having a therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: WBC count 15,000/mm3 (5,000 to 10,000/mm3). In acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the goal of treatment is to reduce the abnormal white blood cell count. A decrease in the WBC count indicates a therapeutic effect. Platelet count (choice
A) may vary due to treatment but is not a direct indicator of therapeutic effect. RBC count (choice
C) and hemoglobin (choice
D) are indicators of anemia common in leukemia but not specific to treatment effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the admission prescriptions for a 6-year-old child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following prescriptions should the nurse contact the child's provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perform airway clearance therapy prior to bronchodilator medications. For a child with cystic fibrosis, airway clearance therapy helps to clear mucus from the lungs, improving breathing. Performing this therapy before using bronchodilator medications ensures that the airways are cleared for optimal delivery of the bronchodilator. Contacting the provider is important to confirm the correct sequence of treatments and to avoid any potential adverse effects or interactions.
Incorrect choices:
A: Administering water-miscible vitamins A, D, E, and K is a standard treatment for cystic fibrosis and does not require immediate provider contact.
C: Encouraging intake of a high-calorie, high-protein diet is also a common recommendation for children with cystic fibrosis to support growth and weight gain.
D: Using the airway clearance therapy device every 2 hours while awake is a frequent regimen for managing cystic fibrosis and does not warrant