ATI RN
ATI nur 242 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Edema is a hallmark sign of SIADH caused by fluid shifts into the extracellular space. Clinical manifestations include concentrated urine output and overhydration. A patient is recovering from a lung resection because of malignant bronchogenic small cell carcinoma. His serum sodium is 120 mEq/L and SIADH is suspected. Which statement is accurate regarding SIADH?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SIADH involves excessive ADH from the posterior pituitary , causing hyponatremia. Rapid sodium correction risks neurological damage. Urine is concentrated, not diluted . Sodium decreases, not rises .
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of middle adult clients about early detection of cancer. The nurse should include the American Cancer Society recommendation that men and women at average risk should have which of the following screening tests?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Colorectal cancer screening at age 45 aligns with updated ACS guidelines for average-risk adults. Cervical screening is specific to those with a cervix. Lung screening targets smokers. Age 50 is outdated.
Extract:
Medical History
Vital Signs
Nurse’s Notes
Physical Examination Results
Diagnostic Results
The client is a 29-year-old female with a recent diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She has no prior history of chronic illnesses but has been experiencing progressive fatigue for the past few months, which worsens despite rest. The client was recently started on hydroxychloroquine as part of her treatment plan for SLE. She reports joint tenderness and has been noticing a rash on her face, neck, and scalp. She denies any chest pain, shortness of breath, or gastrointestinal symptoms. The client is aware of the potential complications of SLE, such as renal involvement and photosensitivity, and is being closely monitored by her primary healthcare provider.
A nurse is caring for a 29-year-old female client in a clinic who has been newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The client has been experiencing symptoms associated with SLE, including a rash and joint pain, and is currently undergoing treatment with hydroxychloroquine. The nurse must evaluate the client's condition based on the exhibits provided to determine appropriate actions and possible complications.
Question 3 of 5
The client is at risk for developing:
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Photosensitivity and chronic fatigue are SLE risks due to rashes and persistent fatigue. Weight loss and hypoglycemia are not typical.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Which intervention would be incorporated into the plan of care to prevent the metabolic imbalances associated with this disorder?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Restricting potassium foods prevents hyperkalemia in TLS. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate treats hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia. Urine pH should be above 7.0 to prevent uric acid crystallization. Hydration, not fluid restriction , is needed.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who asks to be screened for cervical cancer because a relative has been diagnosed with it. Which of the following tests should the nurse expect the provider to use?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pap smear is the primary cervical cancer screening test. Ultrasound , prolactin , and biopsy are not used for initial screening.