ATI RN
ATI Nursing 137 Exam 3 Fall 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
During an assessment of the cranial nerves (CNS), the nurse finds the following asymmetry when the client smiles or frowns, uneven lifting of the eyebrows, and escape of air when the nurse presses against the right puffed cheek. The nurse recognized that these findings indicate dysfunction of which cranial nerve(s)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Motor component of CN VII. These findings point to dysfunction of the facial nerve (CN VII), which controls facial expressions and muscles of the face. Uneven lifting of eyebrows, asymmetry when smiling or frowning, and escape of air when pressing on the cheek are all indicative of CN VII dysfunction. Option A is incorrect because CN X is not involved in facial expressions, and CN VII does not have a sensory component. Option B is incorrect as CN XI is responsible for shoulder movements, not facial expressions. Option C is incorrect because CN IV is the trochlear nerve, which controls eye movements.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse teaches a client that there are shock absorbers in the back to cushion the spine and to help it move. The client understands that which of the following is another name for shock absorbers:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intervertebral disks. These disks act as shock absorbers between the vertebrae, cushioning the spine and helping it move. They are made of a tough outer layer called the annulus fibrosus and a gel-like inner core called the nucleus pulposus. The other choices are incorrect because: A. Vertebral column refers to the entire spine, not just the shock absorbers. C. Vertebral foramen is the opening through which the spinal cord passes, not related to shock absorption. D. Nucleus pulposus is part of the intervertebral disk, not another name for shock absorbers.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a female client who reports painful menstruation. Which of the following should the nurse document in the client's record about painful menstruation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstruation, which is the main concern reported by the client. Dysuria (
B) refers to painful urination and is unrelated to menstrual pain. Hematuria (
C) is the presence of blood in the urine, not related to menstrual pain. Dyschezia (
D) refers to painful bowel movements, which is also not related to painful menstruation.
Therefore, only dysmenorrhea accurately reflects the client's reported symptom of painful menstruation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is performing a physical assessment of the client's mandible and temporal bone. The nurse recognizes that the articulation of the mandible and the temporal bone is called?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The TMJ is the articulation point between the mandible and the temporal bone. It allows for movements like opening and closing the mouth.
Choice A, Condyle of the mandible, is part of the mandible, not the joint itself.
Choice B, Zygomatic arch of the temporal bone, is not the site of articulation between the mandible and temporal bone.
Choice D, Intervertebral foramen, is not related to the mandible or temporal bone articulation.
Question 5 of 5
A 60-year-old man has been told that he has benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). He expresses that his friend just died from prostate cancer and that he is concerned about dying from cancer. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D. The enlargement of your prostate is caused by hormonal changes, and not cancer.
Rationale: Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a non-cancerous condition commonly seen in older men due to hormonal changes. Prostate cancer is a separate condition. By reassuring the patient that BPH is not cancer-related and is due to hormonal changes, the nurse addresses the patient's fear and provides accurate information. This response helps alleviate the patient's concerns about dying from cancer, promoting understanding and reducing anxiety.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. Dismissing the patient's concerns without providing factual information can increase anxiety.
B: Incorrect. Chemotherapy is not a standard treatment for BPH and may confuse the patient.
C: Incorrect. Claiming that the swelling is temporary and will go away is inaccurate and may lead to false hopes.
D: Correct. Explains the cause of BPH, differentiating it from cancer, and provides reassurance.
E, F, G: