Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The nurse is performing the role of an educator by explaining procedures for preventing infection in a central venous access device and demonstrating the process to the spouse. This role focuses on teaching and providing information to promote proper care distinct from caregiving advocacy or coordination roles.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A closed-ended question can be answered with a simple "yes" or "no" or specific information. "Did you take those drugs?" is a closed-ended question as it elicits a yes/no response unlike the other options which are open-ended and encourage detailed answers.

Correct Answer: E

Rationale: All listed options are attributes of a professional nurse. A professional nurse should be willing to learn from clients motivated to provide high-quality care aware of how beliefs and values influence others accept responsibility for actions and advocate for all clients encompassing a broad range of professional and ethical qualities.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The nurse should document the client’s condition as anorexia which refers to a loss of appetite or desire to eat. This accurately describes the client’s reported symptom following a prolonged illness. Emaciation (
B) refers to extreme weight loss cachexia (
C) is a wasting syndrome often associated with chronic illness and nausea (
D) involves a feeling of sickness none of which specifically address loss of appetite without additional symptoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate response is to explain that antibiotics have no effect on viruses as the common cold is viral in origin. This educates the client about appropriate antibiotic use and addresses their misconception reducing frustration and promoting understanding. Agreeing with the client (
A) reinforces the misconception asking why they think they need an antibiotic (
C) is less direct and offering to consult the physician (
D) may falsely suggest antibiotics are warranted.