ATI RN
ATI Nurs 180 Phamacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Complete the following sentence using the options in the drop down selection. _____ Is what the body does with the drug versus ____ which is what the drug does to the body.
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Pharmacokinetics, and E, Pharmacodynamics. Pharmacokinetics refers to what the body does to the drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion), while Pharmacodynamics refers to what the drug does to the body (mechanism of action, effects). This differentiation is crucial in understanding how drugs work in the body.
Choice A, Affinity, refers to the strength of binding between a drug and its target.
Choice B, Efficacy, refers to the maximum effect a drug can produce.
Choice C, Biotransformation, is the process of converting a drug into a metabolite.
Therefore, choices A, B, and C are not directly related to the specific actions of the body and the drug as described in the original sentence.
Question 2 of 5
A client is prescribed antibiotics while awaiting the results of their wound culture. The nurse understands this method of medication therapy is known as:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Empiric therapy. This is when antibiotics are prescribed based on clinical judgement before culture results are available. It is done to treat potential infections promptly. A: Palliative therapy focuses on symptom relief. B: Prophylactic therapy is preventive. C: Maintenance therapy is to manage chronic conditions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for four clients. After administering morning medications, she realizes that a drug prescribed for one client was inadvertently administered to another client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to assess the client's vital signs (
Choice
D). This is important because administering the wrong medication can have potentially harmful effects on the client's health. By assessing the client's vital signs, the nurse can quickly determine if there are any immediate adverse reactions or complications that need to be addressed promptly. This step ensures the client's safety and allows for timely intervention if necessary.
Reporting the incident to the supervisor (
Choice
A) is important but should come after assessing the client's condition. Gathering reversal agents (
Choice
B) may be needed depending on the situation but assessing the client's vital signs should take precedence. Notifying the client's provider (
Choice
C) is important but assessing the client's immediate status is more urgent.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who overdosed on morphine and has a respiratory rate of 6/min. Which medication should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Naloxone. Naloxone is a opioid antagonist used to reverse respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose like morphine. It works by competitively binding to opioid receptors, reversing the effects of morphine and restoring respiratory function. Flumazenil (
B) is used for benzodiazepine overdose, not opioids. Protamine (
C) is used to reverse heparin, not opioids. Epinephrine (
D) is used for anaphylaxis or cardiac arrest, not opioid overdose.
Question 5 of 5
A client asks why she needs to take a medication on an empty stomach. The nurse explains that food generally has which effect on drug dissolution and absorption?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreases. Food can decrease drug dissolution and absorption by affecting the pH of the stomach, delaying gastric emptying, or binding to the drug itself. This can lead to reduced effectiveness or delayed onset of action.
Choice A is incorrect because food can indeed impact drug absorption.
Choices B and D are incorrect as they suggest food would increase or enhance drug dissolution and absorption, which is generally not the case.