ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Aplastic anemia is a disorder in which the bone marrow cells that develop into mature blood cells become damaged. The damaged bone marrow cells can lead to low numbers of red blood cells, white blood cells, and/or platelets. When the cause of aplastic anemia cannot be diagnosed, the cause is likely which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When the cause of aplastic anemia cannot be diagnosed, it is often attributed to an autoimmune disorder where the body attacks its own bone marrow cells. Radiation exposure can cause aplastic anemia, but if the cause is unknown, it is less likely to be due to a specific and identifiable event like radiation exposure. Chemotherapy drugs and toxins can cause aplastic anemia, but these causes would typically be identifiable based on the patient's medical history.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for four postoperative patients who each had a total abdominal hysterectomy. Which patient would the nurse assess first upon initial rounding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Two saturated perineal pads in 2 hours suggest excessive bleeding, possibly hemorrhage, requiring immediate assessment. Mild pain, normal vitals, and adequate urine output are less urgent.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is performing an assessment on a client who asks how she might recognize when she is ovulating. The nurse should explain that which occurs at ovulation?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Lower abdominal pain/cramping (mittelschmerz) is a common ovulation symptom. Vaginal bleeding occurs during menstruation, basal body temperature increases post-ovulation, breast tenderness is not specific, and sex drive may increase.
Question 4 of 5
During a sickle cell crisis, which of the following symptoms is most commonly experienced by individuals with sickle cell disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe pain in the abdomen and joints is the hallmark of sickle cell crisis due to vaso-occlusion. Fever, respiratory symptoms, and numbness are less common.
Question 5 of 5
In helping prepare a nursing care plan for a 90-pound, 82-year-old woman with iron-deficiency anemia with a hemoglobin of 8.2, the nurse agrees that the most appropriate nursing diagnosis would be:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low hemoglobin causes fatigue, leading to activity intolerance, the most appropriate diagnosis. Body image, anxiety, and tissue integrity are less directly related to anemia.