ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Exam 4 Questions
Extract:
A 5-year-old girl Hannah is recently diagnosed with Kawasaki disease.
Question 1 of 5
Apart from the identified symptoms of the disease, she may also likely develop which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Aneurysm formation. In the context of the question, the patient already has a diagnosed disease which can lead to complications. Aneurysm formation is a common complication associated with certain diseases, especially those affecting blood vessels. Sepsis (choice
A) is a systemic response to infection, not a common complication in this scenario. Meningitis (choice
C) is an infection of the meninges, not a typical complication of the identified disease. Mitral valve disease (choice
D) is a heart condition, not directly related to the identified disease.
Therefore, aneurysm formation is the most likely additional complication based on the information provided.
Extract:
The Foley Family is caring for their youngest child, Justin, who is suffering from tetralogy of Fallot.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following are defects associated with this congenital heart condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it describes defects associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. Ventricular septal defect causes mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, overriding aorta results in blood flow from both ventricles, pulmonic stenosis leads to decreased blood flow to the lungs, and right ventricular hypertrophy is a result of increased workload from the stenosis.
Choice A includes defects associated with other congenital heart conditions such as coarctation of the aorta and aortic/mitral valve stenosis.
Choice C describes transposition of the great arteries, not Tetralogy of Fallot.
Choice D includes defects associated with tricuspid atresia, not Tetralogy of Fallot.
Extract:
A child with a disorder leading to cyanosis from deoxygenated blood entering the systemic arterial circulation
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following disorders leads to cyanosis from deoxygenated blood entering the systemic arterial circulation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tetralogy of Fallot. In TOF, there is a ventricular septal defect allowing mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood leading to cyanosis. The other choices do not directly cause deoxygenated blood to enter the systemic circulation. A: Coarctation of aorta causes hypertension in upper extremities; B: Aortic stenosis leads to left ventricular hypertrophy; C: PDA causes a left-to-right shunt.
Extract:
A family with a child who has been diagnosed with obesity and hyperlipidemia in a low-income area with a high rate of obesity
Question 4 of 5
A community health nurse is creating an educational pamphlet for a low-income area that has a high rate of obesity. What should the nurse include as recommended actions for a family with a child who has been diagnosed with obesity and hyperlipidemia?
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. A children-specific heart health diet is important for managing obesity and hyperlipidemia. This diet should focus on whole foods, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins to promote heart health. Nutrition guidance from a pediatric specialist is also crucial as they can provide tailored advice based on the child's specific needs.
Choice B, starting on statin medication first, is not recommended as lifestyle modifications should be the first line of treatment for children with obesity and hyperlipidemia.
Choices D and E, encouraging excessive screen time and excessive exercise, are not appropriate recommendations as they do not address the root causes of obesity and hyperlipidemia and may even be harmful.
Extract:
Children with congenital heart diseases
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following congenital heart diseases require multiple surgeries to correct? (Select All that Apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and E. Tetralogy of Fallot, Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, and Coarctation of the Aorta typically require multiple surgeries to correct due to the complex nature of these conditions. Tetralogy of Fallot involves multiple structural defects in the heart that require staged surgeries. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome is a severe condition where the left side of the heart is underdeveloped, necessitating a series of surgeries to redirect blood flow. Coarctation of the Aorta is a narrowing of the aorta that often requires surgical intervention to repair.
Choices C and D, Atrial Septal Defect (AS
D) and Ventricular Septal Defect, can usually be corrected with a single surgery, making them incorrect options.