ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Anorexia nervosa may best be described as:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anorexia nervosa is characterized by severe weight loss due to restrictive eating behaviors and distorted body image.
Choice D is correct as it accurately describes the hallmark symptom of anorexia.
Choices A and B are incorrect because anorexia nervosa is more common in adolescent females and does not discriminate based on socioeconomic status.
Choice C is incorrect as anorexia nervosa is primarily a psychological disorder, not a pituitary disorder.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroenteritis. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sunken fontanels and dry mucous membranes. These findings indicate severe dehydration in the infant with gastroenteritis. Sunken fontanels suggest significant fluid loss, while dry mucous membranes also indicate dehydration. Dehydration in infants can lead to serious complications, so it is crucial for the nurse to report these findings to the provider promptly.
The other choices are not as concerning as choice B.
Choice A indicates a fluid deficit but does not suggest severe dehydration.
Choice C could be expected in a sick infant and does not require immediate provider notification.
Choice D shows signs of fever and tachycardia, which are common in gastroenteritis and may not be as urgent as severe dehydration.
Question 3 of 5
A 36 pound almost 3-year-old arrives to the ED with dehydration. The provider orders an IV fluid bolus, 15 ml/kg over 30 minutes. How many ml will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 246 ml.
To calculate the IV fluid bolus amount, first, we need to determine the child's weight in kilograms: 36 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 16.36 kg. Next, multiply the weight in kg by the ordered dose of 15 ml/kg: 16.36 kg x 15 ml/kg = 245.4 ml. Since it is recommended to round up in pediatric dosing, the nurse will administer 246 ml.
Choice A is incorrect as it underestimates the dose.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they overestimate the dose.
Question 4 of 5
A mother brings her child into the pediatrician's office for a follow up appointment and voices concern that her child has started urinating more frequently and is constantly hungry and thirsty. The nurse suspects:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Diabetes mellitus. The symptoms of increased urination, hunger, and thirst are classic signs of diabetes mellitus. In diabetes, the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels, leading to excessive urination (as the body tries to get rid of excess sugar), increased hunger (as cells are not getting enough glucose for energy), and increased thirst (due to dehydration from frequent urination). Hypoglycemia (choice
A) would present with low blood sugar symptoms, not high blood sugar symptoms. Huntington disease (choice
B) is a genetic disorder affecting the brain, not related to the symptoms described. Phenylketonuria (choice
D) is a metabolic disorder related to the inability to break down phenylalanine, not associated with the symptoms described.
Question 5 of 5
Congenital heart defects are classified as all of the following? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Congenital heart defects can be classified based on pathophysiology. A: Mixed defects involve combination of two types of abnormalities, B: Obstruction defects involve narrowing/blockage in blood flow, and C: Decreased pulmonary blood flow includes defects leading to decreased blood flow to lungs. D: Acquired defects result from external factors and not present at birth. E, F, G are not applicable as no information is provided. Thus, A, B, C are correct based on classification of congenital heart defects.