ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Carugda Custom Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
An LPN is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client who has an elevated temperature. The nurse should identify which of the following findings is a manifestation of dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urine specific gravity of 1.035. A high urine specific gravity indicates concentrated urine, which is a common finding in dehydration due to insufficient fluid intake or excessive fluid loss. Dehydration leads to the kidneys conserving water, resulting in concentrated urine with a higher specific gravity.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Bicarbonate level 60 mosm/kg - Elevated bicarbonate levels are more indicative of metabolic alkalosis, not dehydration.
C: Blood sodium 50 meq/L - Low blood sodium levels are seen in hyponatremia, not dehydration.
D: Blood creatinine 0.6 mg/dL - Creatinine levels are not typically affected by dehydration.
E: Blood creatinine 0.6 mg/dL - Duplicate answer.
Question 2 of 5
Among the following,which is not a clinical finding of a severely dehydrated patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pitting edema. Severe dehydration leads to intravascular volume depletion, causing skin pallor, cool skin, tachycardia, thready pulse, and concentrated urine with high blood sodium. Pitting edema is not a typical finding in severe dehydration as it is more commonly seen in conditions like heart failure or kidney disease where there is excess fluid accumulation in the body.
Therefore, the absence of pitting edema in a severely dehydrated patient is expected.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has severe diarrhea. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rehydrate. In severe diarrhea, the priority is to address fluid and electrolyte loss to prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Rehydration helps restore normal fluid balance and prevent complications like hypovolemic shock. It is essential to replenish lost fluids promptly to maintain the child's overall health. Introducing a regular diet (
A) should only occur after rehydration, as the gut needs time to heal. Maintaining fluid therapy (
B) and assessing fluid balance (
D) are important, but rehydrating takes precedence in this acute situation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing infection control practices for hand hygiene with a group of unit nurses. Which of the following information should the nurse reinforce in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A. Change gloves between tasks on the same client.
Rationale: Changing gloves between tasks on the same client is essential to prevent cross-contamination and the spread of infection. Gloves should be changed when moving from a contaminated area to a clean area on the same client to maintain proper infection control practices.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
B: Washing hands with alcohol-based hand rubs is not effective against spores of Clostridium difficile. Handwashing with soap and water is necessary.
C: Using alcohol-based hand rubs before administering eye drops is not necessary. Proper hand hygiene should be performed, but alcohol-based rubs are not recommended for eye care.
D: Keeping artificial nails trimmed short is important for infection control, but it is not the most critical information to reinforce in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a client who has had diarrhea for several days. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dehydration. Diarrhea can lead to fluid and electrolyte loss, causing dehydration. The nurse should expect this finding due to the increased fluid loss through loose stools. Hypothermia (
A) is not typically associated with diarrhea. Decreased bowel sounds (
C) may indicate a possible complication but are not the most expected finding. A rigid abdomen (
D) may suggest a more severe issue like peritonitis, not a typical finding with diarrhea.