ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
An adrenergic agonist is ordered for a client in cardiogenic shock. The nurse will note that this drug has had its primary intended effect if which expected outcome occurs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased cardiac output. Adrenergic agonists stimulate the sympathetic nervous system to increase heart rate and contractility, leading to improved cardiac output in cardiogenic shock. This helps improve tissue perfusion. Reduced anxiety (
B) and volume depletion (
C) are not primary effects of adrenergic agonists in this context. Decreased urine output (
D) may occur due to increased blood flow to vital organs, but it is not the primary intended effect in cardiogenic shock.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is developing a care plan for a client who will be self-administering a metered-dose inhaler. Which statement reflects a measurable outcome?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it specifies a measurable outcome that can be observed and evaluated objectively. By demonstrating the proper technique of self-administering a metered-dose inhaler, the client's understanding and ability can be directly assessed.
Choice A is vague and subjective, as understanding may not necessarily translate to practical application.
Choice B only mentions knowledge without addressing application.
Choice C is similar to choice D but lacks the clarity of a specific action being demonstrated.
Question 3 of 5
A laxative has been ordered for a client. The nurse checks the client's medical history and would be concerned if which condition is present?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Abdominal pain of unknown origin. This is concerning because giving a laxative to a client with unknown abdominal pain can potentially worsen an underlying condition or cause complications. High ammonia levels (
A) are concerning but not directly related to the use of a laxative. Diverticulosis (
B) and chronic constipation (
D) are conditions that may actually benefit from a laxative, so they are not as concerning.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering nasal decongestant drops for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tell the client to blow her nose gently before the instillation. This step is important to ensure that any excess mucus or debris is cleared from the nasal passage, allowing the decongestant drops to be more effectively absorbed. Assisting the client to a side-lying position (
A) is not necessary for nasal drops. Holding the dropper 2 cm above the naris (
B) may lead to inaccurate dosing. Instructing the client to stay in the same position for 2 min (
D) is not required as the medication will be absorbed quickly.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who just returned to the unit following surgery and notes the client has a history of anaphylaxis in response to penicillin. The client's postoperative prescriptions include a dose of cephalexin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to request that the surgeon prescribe a different antibiotic (
Choice
C). This is because the client has a history of anaphylaxis to penicillin, which is in the same drug class as cephalexin.
Therefore, there is a high risk that the client may also be allergic to cephalexin. Administering cephalexin could lead to a severe allergic reaction in the client. Asking for diphenhydramine (
Choice
A) as a precaution is not sufficient to prevent a serious reaction. Holding the medication (
Choice
B) may delay necessary treatment. Administering the medication (
Choice
D) without addressing the potential allergy risk is unsafe.