ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Cardiovascular Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
After receiving a change-of-shift report on four patients, which patient would the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: Acute aortic regurgitation can lead to a rapid and severe drop in blood pressure, which is a medical emergency. Therefore, this patient should be assessed first. Crackles, endocarditis symptoms, and chest pain are less immediately life-threatening.
Rationale:
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a history of hypertension arrives in the emergency department with a blood pressure (BP) reading of 213/126 mm Hg. The patient has a history of drug abuse. Which of the following initial questions posed by the nurse is MOST appropriate?
Correct Answer: Cocaine or crack use can cause a significant and dangerous increase in blood pressure. Given the patient's history of drug abuse and the current high blood pressure reading, this is a critical question to ask. Tylenol, stress, and salty foods are less likely to cause such an acute spike.
Rationale:
Question 3 of 5
A patient has pain due to acute pericarditis. Which action would the nurse take?
Correct Answer: Placing the patient in Fowler's position, leaning forward on the table, can help relieve the pain associated with acute pericarditis. Deep breaths, forced fluids, and ice bags are not effective for this purpose.
Rationale:
Question 4 of 5
Which action by the nurse will determine if therapies ordered for a patient with chronic constrictive pericarditis are effective?
Correct Answer: Jugular venous distention (JVD) is a common sign of chronic constrictive pericarditis. If JVD is not present, it may indicate that the therapies are effective. ST segment changes, sedimentation rate, and paradoxical pulse are not specific to this condition.
Rationale:
Extract:
A nurse is caring for an adolescent in an emergency department.
Vital Signs.
2300: Medical History.
Blood pressure 120/78 mm Hg. Apical pulse rate 100/min.
Respiratory rate 20/min.
2400: Temperature 37.9° C (100.2° F). Oxygen saturation 98% on room air.
Nurses' Notes.
Blood pressure 112/64 mm Hg. Apical pulse rate 108/min.
Respiratory rate 28/min.
Temperature 38.9° C (102° F). Oxygen saturation 95% on room air.
Medical History.
History of rheumatic fever with resulting cardiac valve damage.
Nurses' Notes.
2300: Adolescent brought to emergency department by their parent.
Adolescent reports intermittent low-grade fever and anorexia.
Manifestations presented a few days after having dental work performed.
Now they are worse.
Adolescent noticed shortness of breath with exertion today.
Adolescent in semi-reclining position.
Respirations easy and unlabored while at rest.
Mild dyspnea observed when adolescent ambulated to the room.
Lung sounds clear bilaterally.
Oral mucous membranes pink with petechiae noted.
Adolescent reports diffuse joint pain as 2 on a scale of 0 to 10. 2400: Adolescent restless and sweating, sitting in high-Fowler's position.
Dyspnea noted at rest.
Adolescent reports pain in mid-chest as dull, aching, and as 2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Few coarse rales auscultated bilaterally
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent in an emergency department. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate the provider will prescribe?
Correct Answer: Obtaining blood cultures, administering antibiotics, and obtaining an echocardiogram are anticipated due to suspected endocarditis from recent dental work and symptoms like fever and dyspnea. Restricting dental hygiene and strenuous exercise are contraindicated as they could worsen the condition or are unnecessary.
Rationale: