ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Diagnostic Results
Vital Signs
0900:
Client is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of pneumonia. IV of 0.9% sodium chloride infusing into 20-gauge peripheral IV located in the left hand at 90 mL/hr.
1300:
Client has not voided since admission. Bladder is distended and palpable. Provider notified.
1330:
Prescription obtained for intermittent catheterization.
Question 1 of 5
After providing perineal care and donning sterile gloves, the nurse should first ___ followed by ___
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale:
Rationale:
- The correct sequence is to first lubricate the catheter tip (
A) before inserting it.
- This helps reduce discomfort and trauma to the patient during catheter insertion.
- After lubrication, the nurse should then insert the catheter until urine flows (
B) to ensure proper placement and functionality.
- It is crucial to follow this specific order to maintain aseptic technique and prevent complications like urinary tract infections.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who recently lost a loved one. The client reports frequent headaches, indigestion, and heart palpitations. Which of the following types of grief is the client likely experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Masked grief. The client is likely experiencing masked grief because they are exhibiting physical symptoms such as headaches, indigestion, and heart palpitations instead of openly expressing their emotions related to the loss. This type of grief involves suppressing or avoiding grief, leading to physical manifestations.
A: Chronic grief is characterized by persistent grief over an extended period, not necessarily accompanied by physical symptoms.
C: Exaggerated grief involves an intense and prolonged grief reaction, but the client's reported symptoms are not indicative of this type of grief.
D: Delayed grief refers to a postponed or suppressed grief reaction that emerges later, which does not align with the client's current presentation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's intake and output and notes the following: 0.9% sodium chloride 600 mL IV infusion, cefazolin 250 mg in dextrose 5% in water 100 mL intermittent IV bolus, 200 mL emesis, 40 mL voided urine, and 20 mL urine from straight catheterization. The nurse should record the difference between the intake and output as how many mL?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 440 mL.
To calculate the difference between intake and output, add up all the intake (600 mL + 100 mL = 700 mL) and subtract the total output (200 mL + 40 mL + 20 mL = 260 mL).
Therefore, the difference is 700 mL - 260 mL = 440 mL. This is the correct calculation because it considers all the fluid inputs (IV infusions) and outputs (emesis, voided urine, catheterized urine).
Choice A (430 mL) is incorrect because it does not consider all the fluid inputs and outputs.
Choice C (450 mL) is incorrect because it overestimates the difference by including additional fluid that was not accounted for.
Choice D (460 mL) is incorrect because it overestimates the difference by including additional fluid that was not accounted for.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about prevention of injury when lifting. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stand close to a heavy object before attempting to lift it. This instruction is important because standing close to the object helps reduce the strain on the back by keeping the load as close to the body's center of gravity as possible. This minimizes the risk of injury and allows for better control and balance while lifting.
Explanation for other choices:
A: A narrow base of support is not recommended as it can decrease stability and increase the risk of injury.
B: Bending at the waist when lifting heavy objects can strain the lower back and lead to injury.
C: Using a twisting motion while lifting can also strain the back and increase the risk of injury.
E, F, G: These choices are not relevant to proper lifting techniques and do not address injury prevention.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an infusion of packed RBCs through a peripheral IV catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ensure that the IV tubing has an in-line filter. When administering packed RBCs through a peripheral IV catheter, it is crucial to use IV tubing with an in-line filter to prevent any potential infusion-related complications such as embolism or filtering out any clots or debris present in the blood product. Priming the IV tubing with lactated Ringer's (choice
A) is unnecessary and does not directly relate to the safe administration of packed RBCs. Using a 24-gauge IV catheter (choice
B) may not be appropriate for blood transfusions as it can lead to hemolysis and increased risk of clotting. Changing the tubing every 2 hours (choice
D) is not a standard practice for packed RBC transfusions unless specified by institutional policy or manufacturer's guidelines.