ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A six-year-old is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Preoperative teaching should be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because preoperative teaching for a six-year-old undergoing cardiac catheterization should be adapted to the patient's development level. This is crucial as it ensures the information is communicated in a way that the child can comprehend and reduces anxiety. Providing information at the appropriate developmental stage helps the child feel more prepared and less fearful.
Choice A is incorrect as children as young as six can understand basic concepts with appropriate communication techniques.
Choice B may overwhelm the child with unnecessary details.
Choice C is incorrect because waiting too long to provide information may increase anxiety.
Question 2 of 5
Which is descriptive of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Manifestations of ADHD affect all aspects of the child's life but are most obvious in the classroom. ADHD symptoms impact academic performance, social interactions, and behavior in various settings. Children with ADHD often struggle with impulse control, hyperactivity, and inattention, leading to challenges in the classroom environment. This choice acknowledges the pervasive nature of ADHD symptoms while highlighting the prominent impact on the child's educational experience.
Summary of other choices:
A: Incorrect - Manifestations of ADHD are not necessarily bizarre, and the diagnosis is often complex due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions.
C: Incorrect - Learning disabilities and ADHD are separate conditions, and ADHD symptoms may persist into adulthood without necessarily disappearing.
D: Incorrect - While consistent manifestations are a key diagnostic criterion, ADHD symptoms can fluctuate in intensity and may still be present without being constant.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother was taking methadone during her pregnancy, which of the following findings indicates the newborn is experiencing withdrawal?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertonicity. Newborns exposed to opioids in utero often exhibit symptoms of withdrawal, known as Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). Hypertonicity, or increased muscle tone, is a common sign of NAS. This occurs due to the withdrawal effects of methadone on the central nervous system. Bulging fontanels (
A) are not typically associated with NAS. Acrocyanosis (
B) is a common finding in newborns and not specific to NAS. Bradycardia (
C) refers to a slow heart rate and is not a typical sign of NAS.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent with a closed femur fracture who also has HIV. What type of precautions should the nurse institute?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The patient should be placed on standard precautions to diminish the risk of HIV transmission. Standard precautions are used for all patients to prevent the transmission of infection. In this case, the adolescent has a closed femur fracture and HIV, so the nurse should follow standard precautions, which include hand hygiene, wearing gloves, and using personal protective equipment as needed. Neutropenic precautions (choice
A) are not necessary unless the patient has a low white blood cell count. Contact precautions (choice
C) are used for specific infections that are spread by direct contact with the patient or their environment. Isolation (choice
D) is not required solely based on HIV status.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse caring for an adolescent patient with a diagnosis of goiter knows that goiter is most often caused by?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hashimoto Disease. Goiter is most commonly caused by Hashimoto Disease, which is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and enlargement of the gland. This results in the development of a goiter. Kawasaki's disease (
A), Takayasu Disease (
B), and Matsuzaki Disease (
C) are not typically associated with the development of goiter. A summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A is a systemic vasculitis, B is a type of vasculitis involving the aorta and its main branches, and C is a fictional disease.