ATI RN
ATI Nurs 201 Med Surg 2 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A senior nurse is providing instructions to a newly hired nurse about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy to treat heart failure. The senior nurse should explain that which of the following medications puts clients at risk for both hyperkalemia and hyponatremia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, causes hyperkalemia by retaining potassium and hyponatremia by diluting sodium levels.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a client who is to receive chemotherapy for treatment of ovarian cancer. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chemotherapy commonly causes nausea and vomiting, and preemptive administration of antiemetic medications can help prevent these symptoms. The nurse should follow the healthcare provider's orders and administer antiemetics as prescribed, which can significantly improve the client's comfort and adherence to the treatment plan.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is scheduled to receive plasmapheresis treatments. A nurse explains to the client's spouse that the purpose of plasmapheresis is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Plasmapheresis works by removing circulating antibodies from the bloodstream. In multiple sclerosis, the immune system mistakenly targets the myelin sheath, and plasmapheresis helps to remove the antibodies responsible for this autoimmune response. This can provide temporary relief of symptoms during acute flare-ups of MS by reducing the immune system's attack on the nervous system.
Question 4 of 5
A client in the emergency room begins to experience an acute asthma attack. The nurse expects that which medication will be used as initial treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol, a short-acting beta-2 agonist, provides rapid bronchodilation, making it the first-line treatment for acute asthma attacks.
Question 5 of 5
A client with COPD exacerbation has been ordered oral prednisone to be tapered over two weeks. Which of the following side effects does the nurse recognize could occur during prednisone therapy? [Select all that apply.]
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale:
A) Prednisone can increase blood glucose levels, causing hyperglycemia.
C) Fluid retention is common due to sodium reabsorption.
D) Gastrointestinal distress, like gastritis, is a frequent side effect.