ATI RN
ATI Nur 223a Sect 4 Pediatrics Final Exam Questions
Extract:
School-aged child is diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis.
Question 1 of 5
A school-aged child is diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis. What should the nurse teach the parents about the care that this child will need at home?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B - Complete the entire course of antibiotics to prevent rheumatic fever.
Rationale: Completing the full course of antibiotics is crucial to eradicate the streptococcal bacteria, preventing complications like rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever can lead to serious heart problems if left untreated. Teaching the parents about the importance of finishing the antibiotics will ensure the child's full recovery.
Summary of other choices:
A: Regular activity should be limited to prevent the spread of infection and allow the child to rest and recover.
C: Swelling of lymph nodes is expected but should not obstruct the airway with proper treatment.
D: Streptococcal pharyngitis does not directly cause tooth abscess; dental hygiene is important but not the main focus of care for this condition.
Extract:
3-year-old child and suspects developmental delay.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child and suspects the child may have a developmental delay. Which of the following actions is a priority for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should discuss the assessment findings with the primary care provider first as they are the primary healthcare provider responsible for coordinating further evaluation and management. This step ensures that the child receives appropriate referrals and interventions promptly. Referring to social work (
A) may be necessary but is not the priority in this scenario. Educating parents (
B) and providing pamphlets for support groups (
C) are important but come after consulting with the primary care provider.
Extract:
Child with type I diabetes mellitus receiving short-acting and long-acting insulin.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a child with type I diabetes mellitus to administer insulin. The child is receiving a combination of short-acting and long-acting insulin. The nurse knows that the child has appropriately learned the technique when the child:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Draws up the short-acting insulin into the syringe first. This is because when administering a combination of short-acting and long-acting insulin, it is crucial to draw up the short-acting insulin first to prevent contamination or mixing of the two insulins. Short-acting insulin should be clear and colorless, while long-acting insulin is cloudy. Drawing up the short-acting insulin first ensures accurate dosing and prevents altering the long-acting insulin's effectiveness. Administering the insulin IM into rotating sites (
A) is incorrect as insulin is typically administered subcutaneously. Wiping off the needle with an alcohol swab (
C) is a good practice for hygiene but does not affect the order of drawing up insulin. Administering the insulin into a doll at a 30-degree angle (
D) is irrelevant and not a recommended technique for insulin administration.
Extract:
Erikson's stages of psychosocial development.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse has accepted a position on a pediatric unit and is learning about psychosocial development. Organize Erikson's stages of psychosocial development in order from birth to adolescence.
Order the Items
Source Container
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct order of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development from birth to adolescence is: A (Trust vs. mistrust), B (Autonomy vs. shame and doubt), C (Initiative vs. guilt), D (Industry vs. inferiority), E (Identity vs. role confusion).
1. Trust vs. mistrust (
A): This stage occurs in infancy and focuses on developing a sense of trust in caregivers.
2. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (
B):
Toddlers learn to assert independence in this stage.
3. Initiative vs. guilt (
C): Preschoolers explore their environment and develop a sense of purpose.
4. Industry vs. inferiority (
D): School-aged children focus on mastering skills and feeling competent.
5. Identity vs. role confusion (E): Adolescents work on forming a sense of self and future direction.
Other choices (F and G) are not relevant to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development and do not
Extract:
Child who has mumps.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has mumps. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate droplet precautions. Mumps is transmitted through respiratory secretions, making it necessary to implement droplet precautions to prevent the spread of the virus. These precautions include wearing a mask, maintaining a safe distance from the infected child, and ensuring proper hand hygiene. Airborne precautions (
Choice
A) are for diseases transmitted through tiny droplets that remain suspended in the air. Standard precautions (
Choice
B) are used for all patients to prevent the spread of infection. Contact precautions (
Choice
D) are for diseases that spread through direct contact with the patient or their environment.
Therefore, in the case of mumps, initiating droplet precautions is the most appropriate measure to prevent transmission.