ATI RN
ATI Nurs285 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient on prolonged bedrest following a pelvic fracture becomes dyspneic and confused. Pulse = 135 beats/minute, blood pressure = 90/50 mmHg, respirations = 36/minute, Oxygen saturation starts dropping rapidly. Which of the following conditions should the nurse prepare to treat for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's symptoms (dyspnea, confusion, tachycardia, hypotension, and desaturation) after prolonged bedrest suggest pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening condition requiring urgent treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple long bone fractures caused by a motor-vehicle crash that happened 24 hr ago. The client tells the nurse he is short of breath and experiencing chest pain. The nurse should assess the client further for which of the following potential complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fat embolism syndrome is a serious complication of long bone fractures, presenting with respiratory distress and chest pain within 24-72 hours post-injury, matching the client's symptoms and timing.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with asthma presents with daily peak flow rates consistently at 45% of their personal best. What is the most appropriate action the nurse should take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peak flow rates at 45% indicate poor asthma control, requiring initiation of an asthma action plan and oral corticosteroids to manage the exacerbation.
Question 4 of 5
During assessment of a client on the respiratory unit, the pulse oximetry monitor indicates a drop of SpO2 from 98% to 87% over four hours in a client who previously had normal range oxygen saturation level. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Checking the pulse oximeter probe position ensures the reading's accuracy, as faulty placement can cause false lows. This step precedes oxygen administration or further assessment.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents with dyspnea and wheezing. What is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention to manage these symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A short-acting beta-agonist (SAB
A) is the first-line treatment for acute dyspnea and wheezing in COPD, rapidly relieving bronchoconstriction.