ATI RN
ATI NUR 229 Pharmacology Test 1 OEK Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient is in an urgent care center with an acute asthma attack. The nurse expects which medication will be used for initial treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A short-acting (rapid-acting) beta2 agonist such as Albuterol (Proventil). In an acute asthma attack, rapid bronchodilation is crucial, which can be achieved by a short-acting beta2 agonist like Albuterol. This medication acts quickly to open up the airways, providing immediate relief of symptoms. Long-acting beta2 agonists like salmeterol are not appropriate for acute attacks as they have a slower onset of action. Corticosteroids like fluticasone are used for long-term control of asthma and are not for immediate relief. Anticholinergics like ipratropium may be used in combination with a beta2 agonist, but alone they are not the initial treatment for an acute attack.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client who states, 'That looks different from the pill I usually take.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct response, D: "Describe what the pill looks like," is the most appropriate because it allows the nurse to gather crucial information about the client's usual medication. By obtaining a description of the pill, the nurse can verify if the medication being administered matches what the client usually takes, ensuring safety and accuracy. This response shows active listening and patient-centered care.
Choice A, about the lot number, is incorrect as it addresses a less relevant aspect.
Choice B is incorrect because assuming the medication is the same without verification can be risky.
Choice C is not as specific as asking for a description.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has asthma and is about to start taking theophylline (Theo-24). The nurse should tell the client that this medication might cause which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dysrhythmias. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma by relaxing the muscles in the airways. Dysrhythmias, or irregular heartbeats, are a potential adverse effect of theophylline due to its stimulant effect on the heart. The medication can cause an increase in heart rate, palpitations, and even more serious cardiac arrhythmias. Constipation (choice
A), oliguria (choice
B), and drowsiness (choice
C) are not commonly associated with theophylline use. Constipation and oliguria are more likely due to other medications or health conditions, while drowsiness is not a typical side effect of theophylline, which is a stimulant.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for fluticasone/salmeterol. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: White coating in the mouth. This adverse effect indicates a potential fungal infection called oral candidiasis, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids like fluticasone. The nurse should instruct the client to report this to the provider for prompt treatment to prevent worsening of the infection. Increased appetite (
A) and sedation (
D) are not typically associated with fluticasone/salmeterol. Dry oral mucous membranes (
B) may occur due to the medication but are not a serious adverse effect requiring immediate reporting.
Question 5 of 5
A 26-year-old female is brought to the emergency department while having an asthma attack. She is given a nebulizer treatment with the medication albuterol. The nurse's immediate assessment priority would be to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because monitoring the patient's respiratory rate and SpO2 with a pulse oximeter is crucial during an asthma attack. This assessment helps determine the effectiveness of the nebulizer treatment and the patient's oxygenation status. Rapid assessment of respiratory distress is essential in managing asthma attacks.
Choice A is incorrect because determining the time of the patient's last meal is not the immediate priority during an asthma attack.
Choice B is incorrect because while monitoring temperature and blood pressure is important, assessing respiratory function takes precedence during an asthma attack.
Choice D is incorrect because providing education on asthma management and treatment can be done after stabilizing the patient's condition and addressing the immediate respiratory distress.