ATI RN
ATI Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient is diagnosed with borderline hypertension and states a desire to make lifestyle changes to avoid needing to take medication. The nurse advises:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Weight reduction and decreased sodium intake. Weight reduction helps lower blood pressure by reducing strain on the heart and blood vessels. Decreasing sodium intake is crucial as high sodium levels can lead to increased blood pressure. Changing from weight-bearing exercise to yoga (choice
A) may not be as effective in lowering blood pressure. Decreased fluid intake and increased potassium intake (choice
B) might not directly address the root cause of hypertension. Stress reduction and increased protein intake (choice
C) may not have a direct impact on blood pressure compared to weight reduction and sodium intake.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a six-year-old child who had surgery that morning. The child is awake and lying very still in bed. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use an "ouch" scale for pain assessment. This approach is appropriate for a six-year-old child as it uses a simple and understandable method to assess pain levels. The child may not verbalize pain or cry, so using a visual scale like an "ouch" scale can help the nurse accurately assess the child's pain level. Encouraging the child to request pain medication (
B) assumes the child will always feel comfortable expressing their needs, which may not be the case. Planning to administer pain medication if the child cries (
C) may lead to unnecessary medication administration if the child is not in pain. Asking the child to rate their pain on a scale of 1 to 10 (
D) may be too complex for a young child to understand and communicate effectively.
Question 3 of 5
What action does the nurse take during the intervention stage of the nursing process related to drug therapy? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: During the intervention stage of the nursing process related to drug therapy, the nurse's actions include determining medication effectiveness (
C) to ensure the treatment is achieving its intended outcomes. Documenting the medication (
D) is crucial for maintaining accurate records of administration and monitoring. Administering the medication (E) is essential for providing the prescribed treatment to the patient. Analyzing data (
A) is typically done during the assessment phase, not the intervention phase. Collecting a nursing history (
B) is part of the assessment phase. Other choices are not directly related to the intervention stage of drug therapy.
Question 4 of 5
Identify one indicator for a narcotics antagonist to be prescribed.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Treatment of narcotic dependence. Narcotics antagonists are prescribed to counteract the effects of narcotics in the body. By blocking the receptors that narcotics bind to, these antagonists help in the treatment of narcotic dependence by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because narcotics antagonists are not indicated for the treatment of alcohol dependence, reversal of tachycardia, or bronchoconstriction. The key indicator for prescribing a narcotics antagonist is its specific role in addressing narcotic dependence, making choice A the correct option.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe recurrent convulsive seizures. Would the nurse expect to order for the use in emergency control of status epileptic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diazepam (Valium). In emergency situations of status epilepticus, diazepam is the preferred medication for immediate control of seizures due to its fast onset of action and efficacy in stopping prolonged seizures. Diazepam acts by enhancing the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A) in the brain, which inhibits excessive neuronal activity. Ethosuximide (
A) is used for absence seizures, not convulsive seizures. Phenobarbital (
C) and phenytoin (
D) have slower onset of action and are not ideal for immediate control of seizures.