ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Exam NURS 243 Spring 2014 Questions
Extract:
A patient with a stained, ragged baby blanket.
Question 1 of 5
A patient arrives at the hospital with a stained, ragged baby blanket. When his mother tries to remove the blanket to take it home for washing, he hides under the bed and clings to the blanket. What is the best course of action for the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acknowledge that it seems to be his favorite blanket and allow him to keep it with him. This choice respects the patient's attachment to the blanket, which provides comfort and security. Removing it abruptly could cause distress.
Choice A might not address the root of his attachment and could lead to resistance.
Choice C might not reassure the patient that his blanket will return.
Choice D may not address the emotional connection he has with the blanket.
Extract:
A 2-month-old child with burns on his face due to abuse.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 2-month-old child who suffered burns on his face due to abuse. What is the nurse's immediate priority concern when caring for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Managing the airway. In a burn victim, especially a young child, airway management is the top priority due to the risk of airway compromise from edema and swelling. The nurse must ensure a patent airway to maintain oxygenation and ventilation. Monitoring renal function (
B) and restoring fluid volume (
C) are important in burn patients but come after securing the airway. Assessing for shock (
D) is also crucial but managing the airway takes precedence in this situation.
Extract:
An infant admitted with dehydration.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the intake and output record from the previous 8-hour shift for an infant admitted with dehydration. The nurse also reviews the most recent lab results in the chart. Based on the information in the chart provided, the nurse determines which of the following to be correct regarding this patient during the 8-hour shift?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The infant's lab results indicated dehydration. The nurse is reviewing the intake and output record and lab results for an infant admitted with dehydration. Lab results are crucial in diagnosing dehydration, such as elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, and abnormal electrolyte levels. The intake and output record alone may not provide a definitive indication of dehydration.
Choices A and B cannot be determined solely by reviewing the intake and output record.
Choice C is incorrect as lab results indicating dehydration would not be within normal limits.
Extract:
A 4-year-old hospitalized child.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse recognizes that a 4-year-old hospitalized child is exhibiting which characteristic of cognitive development, when the child tells the nurse it's sad to be at home alone?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Magical thinking. At the age of 4, children often engage in magical thinking, believing that their thoughts can influence reality. In this scenario, the child's belief that being alone at home caused sadness reflects magical thinking. Egocentrism (choice
A) refers to difficulty seeing things from others' perspectives, which is not evident in this situation. Centration (choice
C) is the tendency to focus on only one aspect of a situation, not applicable here. Reversibility (choice
D) involves understanding that actions can be reversed, which is not demonstrated in the child's statement.
Extract:
A 6-year-old admitted due to dehydration following a tonsillectomy 26 hours ago, with vital signs: Temperature: 100.9°F, Pulse: 150 bpm, Respiration: 28, Blood Pressure: 88/50, Pain: Throat 10.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing care for a 6-year-old patient who was admitted due to dehydration following a tonsillectomy 26 hours ago. The patient's vital signs are as follows: Temperature: 100.9°F, Pulse: 150 bpm (apically), Respiration: 28, Blood Pressure: 88/50, Pain: Ears 0, Throat 10 using FACES pain scale, Weight: 40 lbs. Complete the following sentence by using the list of options as evidenced by: The patient is most at risk for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dehydration. The patient's vital signs indicate tachycardia, hypotension, and fever, which are all signs of dehydration following a tonsillectomy. The increased heart rate (150 bpm) is the body's compensatory mechanism to maintain adequate circulation due to the decreased blood pressure (88/50) caused by dehydration. The elevated temperature (100.9°F) can be a result of the body trying to fight off the dehydration-induced stress. The weight of the patient (40 lbs) is also crucial in determining the extent of dehydration. In summary, the patient is at risk for dehydration due to the postoperative state and the vital signs pointing towards fluid loss.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as there is no evidence in the scenario to support infection, hemorrhage, or aspiration as immediate risks for this patient.