ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse teaches a client about cervical polyps. What is an expected symptom?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Postcoital bleeding. Cervical polyps are benign growths on the cervix that can cause postcoital bleeding due to contact with the polyp during intercourse. Pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, and urinary incontinence are not typical symptoms of cervical polyps. Pelvic pain may occur in other conditions like endometriosis. Heavy menstrual bleeding can be a symptom of fibroids or hormonal imbalances. Urinary incontinence is more commonly associated with pelvic floor disorders or urinary tract infections. Postcoital bleeding specifically points to cervical polyps as the likely cause.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse teaches a client with breast cancer about chemotherapy side effects. What statement indicates understanding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it shows the client understands the importance of monitoring for potential side effects like unusual menstrual bleeding, which can be a serious complication of chemotherapy. This statement reflects proactive involvement in self-care and prompt communication with healthcare providers.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because stopping chemotherapy without medical guidance can be harmful, hair loss may not always be permanent, and follow-up tests are essential for monitoring treatment effectiveness and potential complications.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse teaches a client with vulvodynia about self-care. What statement indicates understanding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Clients with vulvodynia should avoid the use of any lubricants to prevent irritation and exacerbation of symptoms. Lubricants can contain chemicals or fragrances that can further irritate the sensitive skin in the vulvar area. Choosing products specifically designed for sensitive skin or recommended by a healthcare provider is crucial. Using lubricants can worsen symptoms and discomfort.
Avoiding scented soaps (choice
A) is important as well because fragrances can also irritate the vulvar area. Wearing tight synthetic underwear (choice
C) can trap moisture and heat, leading to increased irritation. Using hot baths frequently (choice
D) can also worsen symptoms by further irritating the sensitive skin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client with Addison's disease about its cause. What should the nurse say?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Addison's disease is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland. Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance in the body. In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands do not produce enough aldosterone, leading to symptoms like low blood pressure, weakness, and electrolyte imbalances.
Choice A is incorrect because Addison's disease is not caused by the overproduction of growth hormone.
Choice C is incorrect as it mentions excess thyroid hormone, which is not related to Addison's disease.
Choice D is incorrect because Addison's disease is characterized by underactive, not overactive, adrenal glands.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client with a T4 spinal cord injury at risk for UTIs. What should be included?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage fluid intake at and between meals. This is because increasing fluid intake helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTIs. Limiting fluid intake (choice
A) can lead to concentrated urine, making it easier for bacteria to multiply. Restricting acidic foods (choice
C) does not directly impact the risk of UTIs. Using an indwelling catheter continuously (choice
D) actually increases the risk of UTIs due to the constant presence of a foreign body in the urinary tract. Encouraging fluid intake at and between meals is the most effective way to prevent UTIs in clients with spinal cord injuries.