ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse provides education to a client recently diagnosed with macular degeneration. Which of the following statements made by the client requires reinforcement of education by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement about vision being restored with eye drops is incorrect, as eye drops do not treat macular degeneration or restore vision. This chronic condition causes progressive vision loss, and treatments like injections may only slow progression.
Question 2 of 5
A client asks the nurse to explain what metabolic syndrome is. Which of the following will the nurse include in education about risk factors for this syndrome?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: All listed factors—obesity, high blood pressure, high triglycerides, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia—are risk factors for metabolic syndrome, contributing to insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who is rehabilitating from major burns. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include to provide emotional support?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Talking with the client during wound care provides emotional support by using therapeutic communication to distract, reassure, and address the client's feelings during a stressful procedure.
Question 4 of 5
A client receiving parenteral nutrition by central venous access reports feeling unwell. The nurse assesses the client and suspects that the central line has become infected. Which of the following findings indicate that the client has developed a systemic infection? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,E,F
Rationale: Purulent drainage, leukocytosis, and fever indicate a systemic infection, as they reflect bacterial invasion and immune response spreading beyond the local site.
Question 5 of 5
The primary health care provider has determined that a client has contracted hepatitis A based on flu-like symptoms and jaundice. Which statement made by the client supports this medical diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: I ate shellfish about 2 weeks ago at a local restaurant.' supports the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, which is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). HAV is transmitted by fecal-oral route, meaning that it can be contracted by ingesting contaminated food or water, such as raw or undercooked shellfish from polluted waters. The incubation period for hepatitis A is about two to six weeks. 'I was an intravenous drug abuser in the past and shared needles.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by sharing needles, syringes, or other injection equipment with infected people. 'I had a blood transfusion in 1980 after major abdominal surgery.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by receiving blood transfusions or organ transplants from infected donors. However, since 1992, all donated blood in the United States has been screened for HBV and HCV. 'I have had unprotected sex with multiple partners.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by having unprotected sex with infected people. However, sexual transmission of HAV is rare, unless there is contact with fecal matter.