ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Exam NUrs 150 exam 3 Swaml Questions
Extract:
An infant who is 2 months old
Question 1 of 5
A nurse on the pediatric unit is assessing an infant who is 2 months old. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Abdomen distended with visible mass noted in right upper quadrant. This finding could indicate a serious underlying condition such as a liver or gallbladder issue, which requires immediate medical attention in a 2-month-old infant. Reporting this to the provider promptly is crucial for further evaluation and intervention to prevent any complications.
Choices A, B, and D are normal findings for a 2-month-old infant and do not indicate immediate concern. A being alert and responsive, B having appropriate skin condition, and D having full range of motion are all expected developmental milestones.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse on the pediatric unit is assessing an infant who is 2 months old. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the infant's weight is below the expected range for a 2-month-old. Infants typically double their birth weight by 5-6 months. A low weight may indicate inadequate nutrition or health issues.
Choice A is within the normal temperature range for infants.
Choice B is within the normal heart rate range for infants.
Choice C is within the normal respiratory rate range for infants.
Therefore, choices A, B, and C are not concerning findings for a 2-month-old infant.
Extract:
An infant who is 2 months old, born at 39 2/7 weeks, Apgar 8 and 9, weighed 2.04 kg at birth, fussy, hard to console, vomits 60-90 mL after feeding
Question 3 of 5
A nurse on the pediatric unit is assessing an infant who is 2 months old. The infant was born by spontaneous vaginal delivery at 39 2/7 weeks, Apgar 8 and 9, received regular newborn care and screening, and was discharged home with the mother. The infant weighed 2.04 kg (4 lbs 8 oz) and was 18 inches (45.7 cm) in length at birth. The guardians report that in the last 3 days, the infant has been fussy and hard to console within the first hour after feeding. The infant takes formula and vomits after each feeding, about 60-90 mL (2 to 3 ounces) of partially digested formula. Which of the following conditions is the infant most likely to have?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pyloric stenosis. Pyloric stenosis is a condition where there is a narrowing of the opening between the stomach and the small intestine (pylorus), leading to projectile vomiting after feeding. In this case, the infant's symptoms of vomiting after feeding, especially projectile vomiting, suggest pyloric stenosis. The age of onset (typically around 2-8 weeks old), the pattern of vomiting, and the difficulty in consoling after feeding are classic signs of pyloric stenosis. The other choices (B: Gastroesophageal reflux, C: Celiac disease, D: Lactose intolerance) do not fully align with the infant's symptoms and history provided, making them less likely diagnoses. Gastroesophageal reflux may present with spitting up but not typically with projectile vomiting. Celiac disease and lactose intolerance are less likely given the infant's age and clinical presentation.
Extract:
A child who has cystic fibrosis and has a prescription for pancreatic enzymes
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching the mother of a child who has cystic fibrosis and has a prescription for pancreatic enzymes three times per day. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates that she understands the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: My child will take the enzymes to help digest the fat in foods. This statement indicates understanding because pancreatic enzymes are prescribed for individuals with cystic fibrosis to aid in the digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates due to pancreatic insufficiency. By taking the enzymes, the child can better absorb essential nutrients from food.
Incorrect choices:
A: Enzymes should be taken before meals to aid in digestion.
B: Enzymes should be taken with meals for optimal effect.
C: Enzymes do not directly improve metabolism but help with nutrient absorption.
E, F, G: No information provided.
Extract:
A 2-month-old infant who is hungry more than usual but is projectile vomiting immediately after eating
Question 5 of 5
A parent calls a clinic and reports to a nurse that his 2-month-old infant is hungry more than usual but is projectile vomiting immediately after eating. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - Bring your baby in to the clinic today
Rationale: Projectile vomiting in a 2-month-old infant could indicate a serious underlying condition like pyloric stenosis. It is crucial to assess the infant's condition in person to rule out any potential medical emergencies. Prompt medical evaluation can prevent complications and ensure appropriate treatment.
Summary of other choices:
A: Giving oral rehydration solution does not address the underlying cause of projectile vomiting.
B: Burping more frequently may not resolve the issue of projectile vomiting and could indicate a more serious problem.
D: Switching formulas without proper evaluation could worsen the infant's condition if there is an underlying medical issue.