ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Droplet precautions are indicated for seasonal influenza due to the potential for transmission through respiratory droplets. The nurse should wear a mask when in close contact with the toddler to prevent the spread of the virus. Pediculosis capitis (lice), viral conjunctivitis, and hepatitis A do not require droplet precautions as they are not primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets. Lice are transmitted through direct contact, conjunctivitis through contaminated surfaces or personal contact, and hepatitis A through the fecal-oral route. In summary, only the toddler with seasonal influenza requires droplet precautions, while the other options do not warrant such measures.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has impetigo. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Apply bactericidal ointment to lesions. Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection, so applying a bactericidal ointment helps to kill the bacteria causing the infection. This step is crucial in treating impetigo and preventing its spread.
Choice A is incorrect because sealing soft toys is unnecessary for impetigo.
Choice C is incorrect as impetigo is not spread through hairbrushes.
Choice D is incorrect because acyclovir is used to treat viral infections, not bacterial infections like impetigo.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The child swallows frequently. This is the priority assessment finding because it could indicate bleeding post-tonsillectomy, which is a potential complication requiring immediate intervention to prevent further complications. The other options are not as urgent: A is expected after surgery, B can be managed by offering alternatives, and C is common postoperatively due to discomfort.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing instructions about a 24-hr urine collection to an adolescent client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Discard the first voided specimen. This is because the first voided specimen may contain substances that have accumulated overnight and are not representative of the 24-hour collection. It is important to start the collection after discarding the first void and then collect all subsequent voids over the next 24 hours.
Choice B is incorrect as voiding every hour is not necessary for a 24-hour urine collection.
Choice C is incorrect because cleansing with a povidone-iodine solution is not typically required for a urine collection.
Choice D is incorrect because saving the final specimen in a separate container is unnecessary and may lead to confusion.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who was recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests can contribute to confirming this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answer is B, C, and D.
B: C-reactive protein (CRP) is elevated in inflammatory conditions like rheumatic fever, indicating active inflammation.
C: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is also elevated in inflammatory conditions, supporting the diagnosis of rheumatic fever.
D: Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer is used to detect a recent streptococcal infection, which can trigger rheumatic fever.
Incorrect choices:
A: Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is not specific to rheumatic fever.
E: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is not relevant for diagnosing rheumatic fever.