ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has cystic fibrosis about home care following discharge. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Your child should take pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks. This is because cystic fibrosis affects the pancreas, leading to difficulty digesting food. Pancreatic enzymes help the body break down and absorb nutrients properly.
A is incorrect as chest x-rays are not routinely done for monitoring cystic fibrosis.
B is incorrect as tonsil and adenoid removal is not directly related to cystic fibrosis.
D is incorrect as isoniazid is used to treat tuberculosis, not cystic fibrosis.
In summary, the correct answer emphasizes the importance of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in managing cystic fibrosis, while the other choices are unrelated or incorrect in the context of cystic fibrosis management.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving cefazolin. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Cefazolin is associated with severe skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a rare but serious condition characterized by blistering and peeling of the skin. The nurse should monitor for symptoms such as rash, blistering, mucosal involvement, and fever. Hypotension, prolonged wound healing, and bradypnea are not commonly associated adverse effects of cefazolin. Hypotension may be more common with other antibiotics like vancomycin. Prolonged wound healing is not a typical adverse effect of cefazolin but could occur in the context of an infection that is not being adequately treated. Bradypnea is not a known adverse effect of cefazolin.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urine output 256 mL over 8 hr. In nephrotic syndrome, the hallmark sign of treatment effectiveness is increased urine output due to improved kidney function. This indicates that the kidneys are effectively filtering waste products from the body. Odorless urine (
A) and no pain with voiding (
B) are important but do not directly reflect kidney function. Temperature (
D) is within normal range and does not indicate treatment effectiveness for nephrotic syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
A charge nurse is observing a staff nurse who is caring for a child who has pertussis. Which of the following actions by the staff nurse indicates an understanding of infection control practices?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because maintaining droplet precautions while the child is coughing and sneezing is appropriate for pertussis, which is transmitted through respiratory droplets. This includes wearing a mask within 3 feet of the child, ensuring proper hand hygiene, and using dedicated equipment. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because applying a face mask after entering the room, wearing gloves for bathroom assistance, and using an N95 respirator for airborne precautions are not specific to pertussis infection control measures. Option B is more focused on protecting the nurse rather than preventing transmission. Option C is not directly related to pertussis transmission, and option D is excessive for the mode of transmission of pertussis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is prioritizing care for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should assess the adolescent with sickle cell anemia and slurred speech first as this can indicate a potential neurological complication such as a stroke. Neurological changes require immediate assessment and intervention to prevent further complications. Assessing and addressing the slurred speech is crucial in this situation. Option A involves a toddler with a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis, which is important but not as urgent as assessing neurological symptoms. Option B involves an adolescent in skin traction with pain, which can be managed after the urgent assessment of slurred speech. Option D involves a toddler with a burn injury, which also requires attention but is not as urgent as the potential neurological issue in option C.