ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Nursing 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place the infant in an upright position during feeding. This position helps prevent regurgitation and aspiration, common issues in infants with heart failure. Placing the infant upright also facilitates easier breathing and digestion. Option A is incorrect because rigid feeding schedules may not be suitable for infants with heart failure. Option B does not address the specific needs of an infant with heart failure. Option C is inappropriate as it may cause distress to the infant and worsen their condition.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is admitted with a vaso-occlusive crisis. History and Physical: 15-year-old adolescent admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. The parent reports low-grade fever and has vomited for 3 days. The adolescent reports having right-sided and lower back pain. They also report hands and right knee are painful and swollen. The client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Vital Signs: Temperature: 37.8°C (100°F). Heart rate: 100/min. Blood pressure: 110/72 mmHg. Respiratory rate: 20/min. Oxygen saturation: 95% on room air. Assessment: Awake, alert, and oriented ×3. Yellow sclera of eyes noted bilaterally. Right upper quadrant tender to palpation. Hands painful to touch and swollen bilaterally. Right knee is swollen, warm to palpation, and the client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Client is tearful and grimacing during the examination. Laboratory Results: Hct: 28% (32% to 44%). Hgb: 6 g/dL (10 to 15.5 g/dL). WBC count: 20,000/mm³ (6,200 to 17,000/mm³). ALT: 50 units/L (4 to 36 units/L). AST: 62 units/L (10 to 40 units/L). Total bilirubin: 3.0 mg/dL (0.3 to 1.0 mg/dL). Chest radiographic examination indicates cardiomegaly and left flow murmur.
Question 2 of 4
The nurse is planning care for the adolescent. Select the 5 interventions the nurse should include:
Correct Answer: A,B,C,G
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A, B, C, G
Rationale:
A: Instruct the parent to ensure the pneumococcal vaccine is current to prevent pneumococcal infections in the adolescent.
B: Monitor oxygen saturation continuously to assess respiratory status and detect any potential respiratory issues.
C: Administer folic acid as prescribed to support the adolescent's growth and development.
G: Give Oral Hydroxyurea to manage conditions like sickle cell anemia in adolescents.
Incorrect
Choices:
D: Applying cold compresses to the affected joints is not relevant to the care of an adolescent unless specifically indicated for a certain condition.
E: Placing the client on strict bed rest is not typically recommended for adolescents as it can lead to deconditioning and other complications.
F: Administering meperidine (Demerol) for pain is not a standard intervention for adolescents and may have adverse effects.
Extract:
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is assessing a child who is 2 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization and finds the dressing is saturated with blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply pressure just above the insertion site. This is the first action the nurse should take as it helps to control the bleeding and prevent further blood loss. By applying pressure, the nurse can help stop the bleeding and stabilize the child's condition. Reinforcing the dressing (
Choice
A) may not address the immediate issue of active bleeding. Monitoring the pulse distal to the insertion site (
Choice
B) is important but should come after controlling the bleeding. Obtaining vital signs (
Choice
D) is also important but not the priority when dealing with active bleeding.
Question 4 of 4
A nurse is planning care for a child who is in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Weigh the child once per day. In the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome, daily weight monitoring is crucial to assess fluid status and renal function. It helps in evaluating response to treatment and detecting complications like fluid overload or dehydration promptly. Limiting calorie intake (
B) is not appropriate as children with nephrotic syndrome often need increased calories due to protein loss. Increasing fluid intake (
C) to 2 L/day may exacerbate edema, a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome. Positioning the child supine at bedtime (
D) is not relevant to managing nephrotic syndrome.
Question 5 of 4
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dietitian. For a child with cystic fibrosis, proper nutrition is crucial due to malabsorption issues. A dietitian can help create a personalized nutrition plan to ensure the child receives sufficient nutrients. Referring to a dietitian is essential to optimize the child's growth and overall health. Physical therapists (
B), speech-language pathologists (
C), and occupational therapists (
D) are important members of the team but are not the first priority for a child with cystic fibrosis. They may be needed later depending on the child's specific needs.