ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching self-management to a client who has hepatitis B. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rest frequently throughout the day. For a client with hepatitis B, rest is essential to allow the body to recover and heal. Hepatitis B can cause fatigue and weakness, so resting frequently helps to conserve energy and support the immune system in fighting the infection. Limiting salt intake (
Choice
A) is not directly related to managing hepatitis B. Avoiding alcohol (
Choice
B) is important but more for liver health in general, not specifically for hepatitis B. Engaging in light exercise regularly (
Choice
C) may be beneficial for overall health, but during active hepatitis B infection, rest is more crucial.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is teaching information about cervical polyps with a client who has a new diagnosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Postcoital bleeding may occur. This information is essential to include in teaching about cervical polyps because it is a common symptom associated with this condition. Cervical polyps are benign growths on the cervix that can cause bleeding, especially after intercourse. It is crucial for the client to be aware of this symptom to monitor for any abnormal bleeding and seek medical attention if necessary.
Option B is incorrect because a pelvic ultrasound is not always required for diagnosing cervical polyps; they can often be diagnosed through a pelvic exam. Option C is incorrect because not all cervical polyps resolve on their own and may require treatment if symptomatic. Option D is incorrect because while cervical polyps are usually benign, they can be associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer in some cases.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client with a T4 spinal cord injury at risk for UTIs. What should be included?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage fluid intake at and between meals. This is because increasing fluid intake helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTIs. Limiting fluid intake (choice
A) can lead to concentrated urine, making it easier for bacteria to multiply. Restricting acidic foods (choice
C) does not directly impact the risk of UTIs. Using an indwelling catheter continuously (choice
D) actually increases the risk of UTIs due to the constant presence of a foreign body in the urinary tract. Encouraging fluid intake at and between meals is the most effective way to prevent UTIs in clients with spinal cord injuries.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative following a simple mastectomy. The client is to begin outpatient radiation therapy the next day. Which of the following instructions about maintaining skin integrity should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. Do not apply heat to the area of irradiation.
Rationale: Heat can increase skin sensitivity and damage during radiation therapy. It is important to avoid any source of heat on the irradiated area to prevent further skin irritation and burns.
Summary:
B. Using sunscreen is not necessary for radiation therapy as it does not protect against radiation.
C. Applying lotion generously can interfere with the radiation treatment and cause skin irritation.
D. Rubbing the area with an alcohol-based lotion can further irritate the skin and is not recommended during radiation therapy.
Question 5 of 5
A client reports skin dryness, redness, and scaling after radiation. What should the nurse advise?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply hydrating lotions. After radiation, skin can become dry and irritated. Hydrating lotions help to moisturize the skin and reduce dryness, redness, and scaling. They provide a protective barrier and promote skin healing. Advising the client to apply hydrating lotions is essential in maintaining skin integrity post-radiation.
Choice B: Scrubbing the area vigorously can further damage the skin and exacerbate irritation.
Choice C: Covering the area with adhesive bandages can trap moisture and lead to skin maceration.
Choice D: Avoiding moisturizing the skin can worsen dryness and discomfort.