ATI RN
ATI N180 Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching diabetic clients about the use of insulin. For which of the following types of insulin should the nurse tell the clients to expect an onset of 15 to 30 minutes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Insulin lispro (Humalog). Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15-30 minutes. This rapid onset makes it suitable for controlling postprandial blood sugar spikes. Insulin glargine (
A) is a long-acting insulin with a slow onset and is not appropriate for rapid control. Glucagon (
B) is not insulin, but a hormone used to treat severe hypoglycemia. Glipizide (
C) is an oral antidiabetic medication that stimulates insulin secretion but does not have a rapid onset like insulin lispro.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer naloxone (Narcan). The nurse understands that this medication has a rapid first-pass inactivation. The nurse understands that naloxone (Narcan) be administered in all of the following routes EXCEPT for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: Naloxone has a rapid first-pass inactivation when administered orally due to extensive metabolism in the liver.
Therefore, it should not be given orally. Intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous routes bypass the liver, allowing naloxone to reach systemic circulation directly for quick action. Administering naloxone orally would result in reduced effectiveness due to liver metabolism. Other choices are incorrect because they all bypass the liver, allowing for effective naloxone action.
Question 3 of 5
A client is prescribed ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone (Yasmin) to prevent pregnancy. The client missed two days of her medication. What is an appropriate client education for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Step 1: Taking two doses the next two days helps to make up for the missed doses, maintaining hormonal levels for contraceptive effectiveness.
Step 2: Using additional contraception for 7 days is crucial to ensure protection during the "missed pill" window.
Step 3: This approach balances immediate protection with long-term effectiveness.
Summary: Option A is incorrect as missing two days requires a specific action. Option C is partially correct but lacks the immediate catch-up doses. Option D is incorrect as it does not address the missed doses effectively.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse teaches a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about pursed-lip breathing (PLB). Which action by the patient would indicate to the nurse that no further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. In pursed-lip breathing for COPD, the patient should inhale deeply through the nose to bring more oxygen into the lungs and exhale slowly through pursed lips to prevent air trapping in the lungs. This helps improve oxygen exchange and reduces shortness of breath.
Choice A is incorrect as quick inhales and exhales do not promote optimal lung function.
Choice B is incorrect as exhaling quickly does not allow for proper airway clearance.
Choice D is incorrect as inhaling through pursed lips is not the correct technique for PLB.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient that is prescribed with a controlled substance. Which of the following statements accurately describes controlled substances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Controlled substances have a Schedule classification. This is because controlled substances are categorized into different schedules based on their potential for abuse, medical use, and safety. This classification helps regulate their production, distribution, and use.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because controlled substances do indeed have the potential for abuse, dependence, and misuse, which is why they are closely monitored and regulated. The Schedule classification system helps healthcare providers and law enforcement agencies in managing these substances effectively.