ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals 2023 Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching an older adult client about reducing the risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Walking is a weight-bearing exercise, which is crucial for maintaining bone density and reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Regular physical activity, especially weight-bearing exercises like walking, helps stimulate bone formation and slows down bone loss. The National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends at least 30 minutes of weight-bearing exercise on most days of the week to help prevent osteoporosis. Avoiding sun exposure is not advisable for reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Sunlight is a natural source of vitamin D, which is essential for calcium absorption and bone health. While excessive sun exposure can be harmful, moderate exposure helps the body produce sufficient vitamin D.
Therefore, avoiding sun exposure entirely can lead to vitamin D deficiency, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. The recommended daily intake of calcium for older adults is significantly higher than 250 milligrams. For adults aged 51 and older, the National Institutes of Health recommends 1,200 milligrams of calcium per day. Adequate calcium intake is vital for maintaining bone health and preventing osteoporosis.
Therefore, taking only 250 milligrams of calcium per day is insufficient to meet the body's needs. Dairy products are a primary source of calcium, which is essential for bone health. Reducing the intake of dairy products can lead to inadequate calcium intake, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Instead, older adults should ensure they consume enough dairy or other calcium-rich foods to meet their daily calcium requirements.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an NG tube set to low-intermittent suction for gastric decompression. The nurse observes that the NG tube is not draining. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lowering the bed to 15 degrees may assist drainage but is less effective than clearing a potential blockage. Injecting 10 mL of air into the vent lumen is a standard technique to dislodge obstructions, restoring drainage. High suction risks gastric mucosa damage, and connecting the air vent to suction disrupts its purpose of preventing adherence to the stomach lining.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about logrolling while in bed. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Friction prevention is a benefit but not the primary purpose. Arms should be crossed over the chest, not at the sides. The bed should be flat, not elevated. Logrolling maintains spinal alignment, critical for clients with spinal issues.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an extracellular fluid volume deficit. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Edema and distended neck veins indicate fluid overload, not deficit. Postural hypotension occurs due to reduced blood volume, causing dizziness upon standing. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is expected as a compensatory response to fluid loss.
Question 5 of 5
A staff nurse is teaching a newly hired nurse how to complete an informed consent document for a client. The staff nurse should include that the nurse's signature on the form confirms which of the following requirements? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Language isn’t confirmed by the signature; interpreters can be used. The nurse’s signature verifies the client signed in their presence, was not coerced, and has legal authority (e.g., is competent). Mental health conditions don’t preclude consent if capacity is intact.