ATI RN
ATI NUR 229 Pharmacology Test 1 OEK Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching an adolescent about medication therapy with oral acetylcysteine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetylcysteine has a sulfur-like odor, which patients should be prepared for to avoid alarm. It does not typically affect electrolytes, diet, or cause dry mouth.
Question 2 of 5
Patient teaching regarding expectorants should instruct the patient to perform which action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Expectorants like guaifenesin thin mucus, making it easier to cough up. Increasing fluid intake helps keep mucus less viscous, aiding expectoration. Restricting fluids thickens mucus, and constipation is not a common issue with expectorants.
Question 3 of 5
Loratadine (Claritin) has an advantage over traditional antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) in that loratadine has
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Loratadine, a second-generation antihistamine, causes less sedation than diphenhydramine, a first-generation antihistamine, making it preferable for daytime use.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking montelukast. Which of the following outcomes indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, reduces airway inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis, leading to easier breathing. It does not affect seizure threshold, muscle pain, or platelet count.
Question 5 of 5
Which type of medication is the first-line treatment for nasal congestion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nasal glucocorticoids, like fluticasone, reduce inflammation in nasal passages, making them the most effective first-line treatment for nasal congestion due to allergic or non-allergic rhinitis. Leukotriene modifiers are mainly for asthma, decongestants offer temporary relief, and antihistamines target allergy symptoms but are less effective for congestion alone.