ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching about food choices to a client who has chronic kidney disease and must limit potassium intake. Which of the following choices should the nurse recommend as containing the least potassium?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: White rice has lower potassium content compared to potatoes, yogurt, and peanut butter, suitable for a low-potassium diet.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is receiving treatment for genital herpes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates effectiveness of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Genital herpes lesions typically resolve within 2-6 weeks with antiviral treatment, indicating understanding.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client following a cardiac catheterization who has hives and urticaria following administration of IV contrast dye. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions, such as hives and urticaria caused by contrast dye.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving morphine through a PCA device. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching the client to use the PCA device ensures safe and effective pain management.
Extract:
Patient Summary
Presenting Complaint:
Time of Arrival: 0900 hours
Symptoms: Client reports not feeling well for the past 12 hours, with increasing blood glucose levels. Client has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Recent treatment for bronchitis and pneumonia. Reports nausea, decreased appetite, frequent urination, and extreme thirst.
Medical History:
Conditions: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension.
Recent Illnesses: Bronchitis, pneumonia.
Nurses' Notes
0900 Hours:
Client presents with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The client is alert and oriented x4. Heart and lung sounds are clear. The client reports frequent urination, extreme thirst, nausea, and decreased appetite. Bowel sounds are hyperactive in all 4 quadrants. Bilateral pedal pulses are 1+. Slight tenting of skin noted. Peripheral IV established, and labs drawn.
Vital Signs
0900 Hours:
Temperature: 36.8°C (98.2°F)
Pulse Rate: 110/min
Respiratory Rate: 18/min
Blood Pressure: 96/65 mm Hg
Oxygen Saturation: 96% on room air
1400 Hours:
Temperature: 36.8°C (98.2°F)
Pulse Rate: 84/min
Respiratory Rate: 16/min
Blood Pressure: 106/76 mm Hg
Laboratory Results
0915 Hours:
Blood Glucose: 468 mg/dL (Normal: 74-106 mg/dL)
pH: 7.30 (Normal: 7.35-7.45)
Potassium: 5.5 mEq/L (Normal: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L)
Sodium: 138 mEq/L (Normal: 136-145 mEq/L)
Chloride: 101 mEq/L (Normal: 98-106 mEq/L)
BUN: 21 mg/dL (Normal: 10-20 mg/dL)
Creatinine: 1.7 mg/dL (Normal: 0.5-1.1 mg/dL)
Urine Dipstick: Positive for ketones (Normal: Negative)
Provider's Prescriptions
Fluids: Administer 0.9% sodium chloride at 15 ml/kg/hr for 1 hr, then reduce to 10 ml/kg/hr.
Potassium: Potassium chloride 20 mEq/L IV PRN if potassium is less than 5.0 mEq/L.
Insulin: Regular insulin continuous infusion, titrate per DKA protocol once potassium is greater than 3.3 mEq/L.
Anti-nausea: Ondansetron 4 mg IV bolus every 4 hr PRN for nausea.
Pain Relief: Acetaminophen 650 mg every 4 hr PRN for pain.
Magnesium: Magnesium sulfate 2 g IV over 2 hr for hypomagnesemia.
Monitoring: Strict intake and output, blood glucose level hourly.
Question 5 of 5
Select the findings that indicate that the client's condition is improving.
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: