ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching about adverse effects of anastrozole with a client who has advanced breast cancer and is postmenopausal. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse recommend the client report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Musculoskeletal pain. Anastrozole, an aromatase inhibitor used in breast cancer treatment, can cause musculoskeletal pain as a common adverse effect. This is important to report to the provider as it may indicate musculoskeletal issues such as osteoporosis or arthritis. Fatigue (
A) and hot flashes (
B) are common side effects of anastrozole but not typically indicative of serious issues requiring immediate attention. Nausea (
D) is also a common side effect but is usually manageable and not a significant concern unless severe. It is crucial for the nurse to prioritize musculoskeletal pain as a potential indicator of more serious complications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. Which of the following findings indicates an allergic transfusion reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Generalized urticaria. This finding indicates an allergic transfusion reaction because urticaria, or hives, is a common symptom of an allergic response. It is caused by histamine release in response to the foreign blood product. Chest pain (
A) is more indicative of a possible cardiac issue. Hypotension (
B) may suggest a hemolytic reaction due to rapid destruction of red blood cells. Fever (
D) is a common symptom of a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction. Other choices are incorrect as they are not specific to an allergic reaction.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new arteriovenous fistula in the right forearm. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching as a possible indication of venous insufficiency?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pallor and numbness distal to the fistula site. This is indicative of venous insufficiency in a client with an arteriovenous fistula. Venous insufficiency occurs when there is inadequate venous return to the heart, leading to decreased blood flow and oxygen delivery to the tissues. Pallor and numbness are signs of decreased blood flow, which can occur when the fistula is not functioning properly. Cold and numbness (choice
A) may indicate arterial insufficiency, not venous. Redness and warmth (choice
C) are signs of inflammation, not venous insufficiency. Pain in the fistula site (choice
D) may be due to other reasons like infection or nerve compression, not necessarily venous insufficiency.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pantoprazole 80 mg IV bolus twice daily. In acute pancreatitis, gastric acid hypersecretion can occur, leading to exacerbation of pancreatic inflammation. Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that helps reduce gastric acid secretion, which can alleviate pancreatic irritation. IV administration ensures rapid onset of action.
B: Furosemide is a diuretic used for conditions like heart failure or edema, not indicated for acute pancreatitis.
C: Lactulose is a laxative used for hepatic encephalopathy to reduce ammonia levels, not indicated for acute pancreatitis.
D: Acetaminophen is a pain reliever, but it does not address the underlying cause of acute pancreatitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who is postoperative. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan to prevent pulmonary complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer. This intervention helps prevent pulmonary complications postoperatively by promoting deep breathing, improving lung expansion, and preventing atelectasis. Incentive spirometry helps the client maintain lung function and prevent respiratory complications such as pneumonia. Administering oxygen therapy (
B) is important but not as effective in preventing complications as using an incentive spirometer. Early ambulation (
C) is beneficial for circulation but does not directly prevent pulmonary complications. Monitoring for chest pain (
D) is essential for assessing cardiac issues but does not specifically address pulmonary complications.