ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the purpose of a CA 125 test. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A CA 125 test is used to monitor a client's progress during treatment of ovarian cancer. This is because CA 125 is a biomarker that is commonly elevated in ovarian cancer patients. Monitoring CA 125 levels helps healthcare providers assess the effectiveness of treatment and detect any recurrence of the disease.
Choice B is incorrect because a CA 125 test is not used to detect pregnancy.
Choice C is incorrect because a CA 125 test is not used to diagnose cervical cancer; it is primarily associated with ovarian cancer.
Choice D is incorrect because a CA 125 test is not used to screen for prostate cancer; it is specific to ovarian cancer.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for four hospitalized clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The client with gastroenteritis and fever is at risk for fluid volume deficit due to increased fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Fever also increases fluid loss through perspiration. The other choices do not directly indicate increased fluid loss. A: Antibiotics for wound infection may not directly lead to fluid volume deficit. C: IV fluids would help maintain hydration status, so this client is not at risk for deficit. D: Hypokalemia may be related to electrolyte imbalance, but not necessarily fluid volume deficit.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: CD4-T-cell count 180 cells/mm3. In HIV care, monitoring the CD4-T-cell count is crucial as it reflects the immune system's ability to fight infections. A low CD4 count indicates a weakened immune system, increasing the client's susceptibility to opportunistic infections. This value guides treatment decisions, such as initiating antiretroviral therapy. The other options, while important, do not directly reflect the client's immune status in the context of HIV. Hemoglobin and platelet counts are relevant for assessing anemia and clotting function, respectively. White blood cell count is a general indicator of infection or inflammation. Prioritizing CD4-T-cell count ensures appropriate management of HIV and prevention of complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has prolonged vomiting. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prominent U wave. Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, can cause the U wave to become more prominent on an EKG strip. This is due to delayed repolarization of the ventricles. A flat T wave (choice
A) is typically associated with ischemia or infarction. ST elevation (choice
C) is often seen in conditions like myocardial infarction. A wide QRS complex (choice
D) is indicative of conduction abnormalities.
Choices E, F, and G are not relevant to the interpretation of hypokalemia on an EKG strip.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. Which of the following findings indicates an allergic transfusion reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Generalized urticaria. This finding indicates an allergic transfusion reaction because urticaria, or hives, is a common symptom of an allergic response. It is caused by histamine release in response to the foreign blood product. Chest pain (
A) is more indicative of a possible cardiac issue. Hypotension (
B) may suggest a hemolytic reaction due to rapid destruction of red blood cells. Fever (
D) is a common symptom of a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction. Other choices are incorrect as they are not specific to an allergic reaction.