ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of newly licensed nurses on effective techniques for counseling clients about sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking about the client's exposure to any past or present STIs is crucial for effective counseling. Understanding the client's history helps in assessing risk factors, determining appropriate interventions, and providing tailored education. It also promotes trust and open communication.
Choice B is incorrect as advising clients not to disclose their sexual history hinders the nurse's ability to provide comprehensive care and support.
Choice C is incorrect because focusing only on present symptoms may overlook important information needed for proper assessment and management.
Choice D is incorrect as only asking about high-risk behavior limits the scope of the assessment and may miss potential risk factors.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (pH 7.25, HCO3- 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg). In chronic kidney disease, the kidneys are unable to excrete acid effectively, leading to metabolic acidosis. The pH is low (acidotic) due to the accumulation of acids. The bicarbonate (HCO3-) is low (19 mEq/L) as the kidneys are unable to reabsorb and regenerate bicarbonate effectively. The PaCO2 is low (30 mm Hg) as the respiratory system compensates by increasing the respiratory rate to blow off carbon dioxide in an attempt to normalize the pH.
Choices B, C, and D have pH values within normal range and do not reflect the expected acidosis in chronic kidney disease.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with a tracheostomy. The client's partner has been taught to perform suctioning. Which of the following actions by the partner should indicate to the nurse a readiness for the client's discharge?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Performing the procedure independently indicates readiness for discharge as it shows the partner has mastered the skill and can provide proper care without supervision.
Choice B indicates the partner still needs assistance, choice C shows knowledge but not necessarily competency, and choice D suggests continued reliance on the nurse.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings shouldn't the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased hematocrit. In fluid overload, there is an excess of fluid in the body, leading to dilution of blood components including hematocrit.
Therefore, an increased hematocrit would not be expected. Increased heart rate (
A), blood pressure (
B), and respiratory rate (
C) are all common findings in fluid overload due to the body's compensatory mechanisms to maintain adequate perfusion. Thus, these findings are expected.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A about preventing transmission of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Practice effective hand hygiene. This is crucial in preventing transmission of hepatitis A, which is primarily spread through fecal-oral route. Handwashing with soap and water can remove the virus from hands. Limiting physical activity (
B) and using antiseptic mouthwash (
C) are not effective in preventing transmission. Avoiding drinking water (
D) is not necessary unless the water source is contaminated.