ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client with Addison's disease about its cause. What should the nurse say?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Addison's disease is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland. Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance in the body. In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands do not produce enough aldosterone, leading to symptoms like low blood pressure, weakness, and electrolyte imbalances.
Choice A is incorrect because Addison's disease is not caused by the overproduction of growth hormone.
Choice C is incorrect as it mentions excess thyroid hormone, which is not related to Addison's disease.
Choice D is incorrect because Addison's disease is characterized by underactive, not overactive, adrenal glands.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse assesses a client 2 hours after TURP. What indicates a complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Burgundy-colored urine output. This indicates a complication post-TURP due to potential bleeding. Clear urine output (
A) is normal. Mild pain at the incision site (
C) is expected. Temperature of 98.6°F (
D) is within normal range.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is interviewing a client who has a possible diagnosis of endometriosis. Which of the following findings in the client's history should the nurse recognize as consistent with a diagnosis of endometriosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dysmenorrhea that is unresponsive to NSAIDs. Endometriosis is characterized by severe menstrual pain that is not relieved by NSAIDs. This is due to the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Heavy menstrual bleeding (
B) is a common symptom but not specific to endometriosis. Positive family history of fibroids (
C) is unrelated to endometriosis. Pelvic pain after intercourse (
D) can be a symptom of endometriosis but is not as specific as unresponsive dysmenorrhea.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has advanced lung cancer. The client's provider has recommended hospice services for the client. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a correct understanding of hospice care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A - "I should expect the hospice team to help me manage my dyspnea."
Rationale: Hospice care focuses on providing comfort and quality of life for patients with terminal illnesses, such as advanced lung cancer. Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is a common symptom in lung cancer patients, and the hospice team is trained to provide symptom management and relief. By acknowledging the role of the hospice team in managing dyspnea, the client demonstrates an understanding of the palliative nature of hospice care.
Summary of other choices:
B: "I will receive chemotherapy to treat my cancer." - Hospice care does not aim to cure the underlying illness but rather focuses on comfort and quality of life.
C: "I will be admitted to the hospital for further treatment." - Hospice care is typically provided in the comfort of the patient's own home or a hospice facility, not in a hospital setting for further treatment.
D: "I will receive radiation therapy
Question 5 of 5
A nurse evaluates a client's PSA lab results. An increase in PSA indicates what condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prostatic cancer. PSA levels are commonly used as a marker for prostate cancer. Elevated PSA levels indicate an increased likelihood of prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (choice
A) is a non-cancerous condition that can also cause elevated PSA levels but is not indicative of cancer. Urinary tract infection (choice
C) and kidney stones (choice
D) do not directly affect PSA levels. The other choices (E, F, G) are not provided, but the key is to understand that an increase in PSA specifically points towards the possibility of prostatic cancer.