ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for atenolol. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as adverse effects of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bradycardia. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that slows down the heart rate, leading to bradycardia as an adverse effect. This occurs because atenolol blocks the action of adrenaline on the heart, causing the heart to beat slower. Hyperglycemia (
A) is not a common adverse effect of atenolol; in fact, it may even lower blood sugar levels slightly. Tachycardia (
B) and hypertension (
C) are the opposite effects of atenolol, as it is used to treat high blood pressure and reduce heart rate.
Therefore, these would not be expected adverse effects.
Question 2 of 5
While assessing a client who is receiving continuous IV therapy via his left forearm, a nurse notes that the site is red, swollen, and painful and that the surrounding tissues are hard. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action is to discontinue the existing IV line first. This is crucial because the client is exhibiting signs of infiltration, which can lead to tissue damage and complications. By removing the IV line, further damage can be prevented. Applying warm compresses or elevating the extremity may not address the underlying issue and could potentially worsen the condition. Notifying the healthcare provider is important but should not be the first step in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports substernal chest pain and dyspnea. The client is vomiting and is diaphoretic. Which of the following laboratory tests are used to diagnose a myocardial infarction? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Troponin I, Troponin T, CPK, and Myoglobin are all specific laboratory tests used to diagnose a myocardial infarction. Troponin I and T are cardiac biomarkers released into the bloodstream following myocardial cell injury. Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is an enzyme found in high concentrations in the heart muscle, and elevated levels indicate myocardial damage. Myoglobin is a protein released from damaged muscle cells, including cardiac muscle. These tests provide crucial information to confirm the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction.
Plasma low-density lipoproteins are not specific for diagnosing a myocardial infarction. White blood cell count is not typically used for diagnosing a myocardial infarction, although it may be elevated in response to inflammation associated with heart damage. Blood glucose level is not specific for diagnosing a myocardial infarction and
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a chest tube connected to a closed drainage system and needs to be transported to the x-ray department. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Keep the drainage system below the level of the client's chest at all times. This is crucial because maintaining the drainage system below the chest level prevents backflow of air or fluid into the client's chest cavity, which can lead to complications like tension pneumothorax or fluid re-entering the pleural space. Clamping the chest tube can cause a build-up of pressure and should only be done in emergency situations. Removing the chest tube is unsafe and can lead to respiratory distress. Allowing the client to carry the drainage system can risk dislodging the tube or causing tension on the connections.
Therefore, the best option is to keep the drainage system below the chest level to ensure proper drainage and prevent complications.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a three-chamber closed chest tube system. Which of the following actions should the nurse take after noticing a rise in the water seal chamber with client inspiration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The rise in the water seal chamber with client inspiration indicates that the chest tube system is functioning properly. This rise is expected as the negative pressure in the pleural space increases during inspiration, causing the water level to momentarily increase. It is important for the nurse to understand this physiological response and continue to monitor the client for any signs of respiratory distress. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately or increasing suction level is unnecessary and may disrupt the client's respiratory status. Repositioning the client is not indicated in this situation.