ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A about preventing transmission of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Practice effective hand hygiene. This is crucial in preventing transmission of hepatitis A, which is primarily spread through fecal-oral route. Handwashing with soap and water can remove the virus from hands. Limiting physical activity (
B) and using antiseptic mouthwash (
C) are not effective in preventing transmission. Avoiding drinking water (
D) is not necessary unless the water source is contaminated.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching about adverse effects of anastrozole with a client who has advanced breast cancer and is postmenopausal. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse recommend the client report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Musculoskeletal pain. Anastrozole, an aromatase inhibitor used in breast cancer treatment, can cause musculoskeletal pain as a common adverse effect. This is important to report because severe pain may indicate a more serious condition like osteoporosis or fractures. Headache, nausea, and fatigue are common side effects of anastrozole but usually not considered serious enough to report immediately. Summarily, while all options can occur with anastrozole, musculoskeletal pain warrants prompt reporting due to potential implications on bone health.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new arteriovenous fistula in the right forearm. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching as a possible indication of venous insufficiency?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cold and numbness distal to the fistula site. This is indicative of venous insufficiency, which can occur when the arteriovenous fistula is not functioning properly. When there is inadequate blood flow through the fistula, it can result in reduced circulation to the distal part of the arm, leading to coldness and numbness. Swelling around the fistula (choice
B) is more commonly associated with infection or inadequate drainage. Bleeding from the fistula (choice
C) is a potential complication but not a typical manifestation of venous insufficiency. Pain at the site of the fistula (choice
D) may indicate infection or clotting issues rather than venous insufficiency.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who is postoperative. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan to prevent pulmonary complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer. This intervention helps prevent pulmonary complications postoperatively by promoting deep breathing, improving lung expansion, and preventing atelectasis. Incentive spirometry helps the client maintain lung function and prevent respiratory complications such as pneumonia. Administering oxygen therapy (
B) is important but not as effective in preventing complications as using an incentive spirometer. Early ambulation (
C) is beneficial for circulation but does not directly prevent pulmonary complications. Monitoring for chest pain (
D) is essential for assessing cardiac issues but does not specifically address pulmonary complications.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about a heart healthy diet to a group of clients with hypertension. Which of the following statements by one of the clients indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I may eat 10 ounces of lean protein each day." This statement indicates a need for further teaching because consuming 10 ounces of lean protein daily may lead to excessive protein intake, which can strain the kidneys and potentially worsen hypertension. Clients with hypertension should limit protein intake and focus on lean sources in moderation.
Choices B, C, and D are correct as they align with a heart-healthy diet by limiting sodium intake, increasing fruits and vegetables, and avoiding fried foods and processed meats, respectively.