ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. The nurse should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of which of the following substances?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epoetin alfa is a medication used to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease, and iron supplementation is often necessary to support erythropoiesis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a public clinic is researching health data on culturally diverse populations in the community. Which of the following population groups should the nurse anticipate having end-stage renal disease due to diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Black Americans have a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus compared to other racial/ethnic groups in the United States, and diabetes is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has renal failure and an elevated phosphorus level. The provider instructed the client to take aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constipation is a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide, an antacid often used to bind phosphate in patients with renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who had total thyroidectomy and a serum calcium level of 7.6 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tingling of the extremities is a common symptom of hypocalcemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adequate fluid intake, typically recommended at least 3 liters (about 100 ounces) per day, helps dilute urine and reduce the concentration of stone-forming substances, thereby reducing the risk of kidney stone formation.