ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has been taking prednisone to treat asthma and has a new prescription to discontinue the medication. The nurse should explain to the client to reduce the dose gradually to prevent which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adrenocortical insufficiency. Gradually reducing prednisone dose is important as prednisone suppresses the body's natural production of cortisol. Abrupt discontinuation can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to the sudden decrease in cortisol levels. This can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, weight loss, and hypotension. Osteoporosis (
A) is a long-term side effect of prednisone but not a concern with dose reduction. Hypoglycemia (
B) and Hyperkalemia (
C) are not typically associated with prednisone withdrawal.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings shouldn't the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased hematocrit. In fluid overload, there is an excess of fluid in the body, leading to dilution of blood components including hematocrit.
Therefore, an increased hematocrit would not be expected. Increased heart rate (
A), blood pressure (
B), and respiratory rate (
C) are all common findings in fluid overload due to the body's compensatory mechanisms to maintain adequate perfusion. Thus, these findings are expected.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Take the medication early in the day. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that increases urine production, which can cause frequent urination. Taking it early helps prevent nighttime urination, promoting better sleep. Taking it with food may reduce gastrointestinal upset. Taking it only when blood pressure is high is incorrect, as it should be taken regularly to maintain consistent blood pressure control. Bedtime dosing may lead to nocturnal diuresis and disturb sleep. The other choices are irrelevant or incorrect in the context of hydrochlorothiazide administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who recently had surgery for insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. MRI of the chest should be clarified because the magnetic field can interfere with the function of the pacemaker, potentially causing harm to the patient. An electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, and echocardiogram are safe imaging tests that do not interfere with the pacemaker.
Therefore, D is the correct answer that should be clarified to ensure patient safety.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a cardiopulmonary arrest. The nurse anticipates the emergency response team will administer which of the following medications if the client's restored rhythm is symptomatic bradycardia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: Atropine is the correct answer because it is the first-line medication for symptomatic bradycardia. It works by blocking the parasympathetic nervous system, increasing heart rate. Epinephrine is used for cardiac arrest, not bradycardia. Magnesium is for torsades de pointes, not bradycardia. Sodium bicarbonate is for metabolic acidosis, not bradycardia.